package Test::Builder; use 5.006; use strict; use warnings; our $VERSION = '0.92'; $VERSION = eval $VERSION; ## no critic (BuiltinFunctions::ProhibitStringyEval) BEGIN { if( $] < 5.008 ) { require Test::Builder::IO::Scalar; } } # Make Test::Builder thread-safe for ithreads. BEGIN { use Config; # Load threads::shared when threads are turned on. # 5.8.0's threads are so busted we no longer support them. if( $] >= 5.008001 && $Config{useithreads} && $INC{'threads.pm'} ) { require threads::shared; # Hack around YET ANOTHER threads::shared bug. It would # occassionally forget the contents of the variable when sharing it. # So we first copy the data, then share, then put our copy back. *share = sub (\[$@%]) { my $type = ref $_[0]; my $data; if( $type eq 'HASH' ) { %$data = %{ $_[0] }; } elsif( $type eq 'ARRAY' ) { @$data = @{ $_[0] }; } elsif( $type eq 'SCALAR' ) { $$data = ${ $_[0] }; } else { die( "Unknown type: " . $type ); } $_[0] = &threads::shared::share( $_[0] ); if( $type eq 'HASH' ) { %{ $_[0] } = %$data; } elsif( $type eq 'ARRAY' ) { @{ $_[0] } = @$data; } elsif( $type eq 'SCALAR' ) { ${ $_[0] } = $$data; } else { die( "Unknown type: " . $type ); } return $_[0]; }; } # 5.8.0's threads::shared is busted when threads are off # and earlier Perls just don't have that module at all. else { *share = sub { return $_[0] }; *lock = sub { 0 }; } } =head1 NAME Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries =head1 SYNOPSIS package My::Test::Module; use base 'Test::Builder::Module'; my $CLASS = __PACKAGE__; sub ok { my($test, $name) = @_; my $tb = $CLASS->builder; $tb->ok($test, $name); } =head1 DESCRIPTION Test::Simple and Test::More have proven to be popular testing modules, but they're not always flexible enough. Test::Builder provides the a building block upon which to write your own test libraries I. =head2 Construction =over 4 =item B my $Test = Test::Builder->new; Returns a Test::Builder object representing the current state of the test. Since you only run one test per program C always returns the same Test::Builder object. No matter how many times you call C, you're getting the same object. This is called a singleton. This is done so that multiple modules share such global information as the test counter and where test output is going. If you want a completely new Test::Builder object different from the singleton, use C. =cut my $Test = Test::Builder->new; sub new { my($class) = shift; $Test ||= $class->create; return $Test; } =item B my $Test = Test::Builder->create; Ok, so there can be more than one Test::Builder object and this is how you get it. You might use this instead of C if you're testing a Test::Builder based module, but otherwise you probably want C. B: the implementation is not complete. C, for example, is still shared amongst B Test::Builder objects, even ones created using this method. Also, the method name may change in the future. =cut sub create { my $class = shift; my $self = bless {}, $class; $self->reset; return $self; } =item B $Test->reset; Reinitializes the Test::Builder singleton to its original state. Mostly useful for tests run in persistent environments where the same test might be run multiple times in the same process. =cut our $Level; sub reset { ## no critic (Subroutines::ProhibitBuiltinHomonyms) my($self) = @_; # We leave this a global because it has to be localized and localizing # hash keys is just asking for pain. Also, it was documented. $Level = 1; $self->{Have_Plan} = 0; $self->{No_Plan} = 0; $self->{Have_Output_Plan} = 0; $self->{Original_Pid} = $$; share( $self->{Curr_Test} ); $self->{Curr_Test} = 0; $self->{Test_Results} = &share( [] ); $self->{Exported_To} = undef; $self->{Expected_Tests} = 0; $self->{Skip_All} = 0; $self->{Use_Nums} = 1; $self->{No_Header} = 0; $self->{No_Ending} = 0; $self->{Todo} = undef; $self->{Todo_Stack} = []; $self->{Start_Todo} = 0; $self->{Opened_Testhandles} = 0; $self->_dup_stdhandles; return; } =back =head2 Setting up tests These methods are for setting up tests and declaring how many there are. You usually only want to call one of these methods. =over 4 =item B $Test->plan('no_plan'); $Test->plan( skip_all => $reason ); $Test->plan( tests => $num_tests ); A convenient way to set up your tests. Call this and Test::Builder will print the appropriate headers and take the appropriate actions. If you call C, don't call any of the other methods below. =cut my %plan_cmds = ( no_plan => \&no_plan, skip_all => \&skip_all, tests => \&_plan_tests, ); sub plan { my( $self, $cmd, $arg ) = @_; return unless $cmd; local $Level = $Level + 1; $self->croak("You tried to plan twice") if $self->{Have_Plan}; if( my $method = $plan_cmds{$cmd} ) { local $Level = $Level + 1; $self->$method($arg); } else { my @args = grep { defined } ( $cmd, $arg ); $self->croak("plan() doesn't understand @args"); } return 1; } sub _plan_tests { my($self, $arg) = @_; if($arg) { local $Level = $Level + 1; return $self->expected_tests($arg); } elsif( !defined $arg ) { $self->croak("Got an undefined number of tests"); } else { $self->croak("You said to run 0 tests"); } return; } =item B my $max = $Test->expected_tests; $Test->expected_tests($max); Gets/sets the number of tests we expect this test to run and prints out the appropriate headers. =cut sub expected_tests { my $self = shift; my($max) = @_; if(@_) { $self->croak("Number of tests must be a positive integer. You gave it '$max'") unless $max =~ /^\+?\d+$/; $self->{Expected_Tests} = $max; $self->{Have_Plan} = 1; $self->_output_plan($max) unless $self->no_header; } return $self->{Expected_Tests}; } =item B $Test->no_plan; Declares that this test will run an indeterminate number of tests. =cut sub no_plan { my($self, $arg) = @_; $self->carp("no_plan takes no arguments") if $arg; $self->{No_Plan} = 1; $self->{Have_Plan} = 1; return 1; } =begin private =item B<_output_plan> $tb->_output_plan($max); $tb->_output_plan($max, $directive); $tb->_output_plan($max, $directive => $reason); Handles displaying the test plan. If a C<$directive> and/or C<$reason> are given they will be output with the plan. So here's what skipping all tests looks like: $tb->_output_plan(0, "SKIP", "Because I said so"); It sets C<< $tb->{Have_Output_Plan} >> and will croak if the plan was already output. =end private =cut sub _output_plan { my($self, $max, $directive, $reason) = @_; $self->carp("The plan was already output") if $self->{Have_Output_Plan}; my $plan = "1..$max"; $plan .= " # $directive" if defined $directive; $plan .= " $reason" if defined $reason; $self->_print("$plan\n"); $self->{Have_Output_Plan} = 1; return; } =item B $Test->done_testing(); $Test->done_testing($num_tests); Declares that you are done testing, no more tests will be run after this point. If a plan has not yet been output, it will do so. $num_tests is the number of tests you planned to run. If a numbered plan was already declared, and if this contradicts, a failing test will be run to reflect the planning mistake. If C was declared, this will override. If C is called twice, the second call will issue a failing test. If C<$num_tests> is omitted, the number of tests run will be used, like no_plan. C is, in effect, used when you'd want to use C, but safer. You'd use it like so: $Test->ok($a == $b); $Test->done_testing(); Or to plan a variable number of tests: for my $test (@tests) { $Test->ok($test); } $Test->done_testing(@tests); =cut sub done_testing { my($self, $num_tests) = @_; # If done_testing() specified the number of tests, shut off no_plan. if( defined $num_tests ) { $self->{No_Plan} = 0; } else { $num_tests = $self->current_test; } if( $self->{Done_Testing} ) { my($file, $line) = @{$self->{Done_Testing}}[1,2]; $self->ok(0, "done_testing() was already called at $file line $line"); return; } $self->{Done_Testing} = [caller]; if( $self->expected_tests && $num_tests != $self->expected_tests ) { $self->ok(0, "planned to run @{[ $self->expected_tests ]} ". "but done_testing() expects $num_tests"); } else { $self->{Expected_Tests} = $num_tests; } $self->_output_plan($num_tests) unless $self->{Have_Output_Plan}; $self->{Have_Plan} = 1; return 1; } =item B $plan = $Test->has_plan Find out whether a plan has been defined. C<$plan> is either C (no plan has been set), C (indeterminate # of tests) or an integer (the number of expected tests). =cut sub has_plan { my $self = shift; return( $self->{Expected_Tests} ) if $self->{Expected_Tests}; return('no_plan') if $self->{No_Plan}; return(undef); } =item B $Test->skip_all; $Test->skip_all($reason); Skips all the tests, using the given C<$reason>. Exits immediately with 0. =cut sub skip_all { my( $self, $reason ) = @_; $self->{Skip_All} = 1; $self->_output_plan(0, "SKIP", $reason) unless $self->no_header; exit(0); } =item B my $pack = $Test->exported_to; $Test->exported_to($pack); Tells Test::Builder what package you exported your functions to. This method isn't terribly useful since modules which share the same Test::Builder object might get exported to different packages and only the last one will be honored. =cut sub exported_to { my( $self, $pack ) = @_; if( defined $pack ) { $self->{Exported_To} = $pack; } return $self->{Exported_To}; } =back =head2 Running tests These actually run the tests, analogous to the functions in Test::More. They all return true if the test passed, false if the test failed. C<$name> is always optional. =over 4 =item B $Test->ok($test, $name); Your basic test. Pass if C<$test> is true, fail if $test is false. Just like Test::Simple's C. =cut sub ok { my( $self, $test, $name ) = @_; # $test might contain an object which we don't want to accidentally # store, so we turn it into a boolean. $test = $test ? 1 : 0; lock $self->{Curr_Test}; $self->{Curr_Test}++; # In case $name is a string overloaded object, force it to stringify. $self->_unoverload_str( \$name ); $self->diag(<<"ERR") if defined $name and $name =~ /^[\d\s]+$/; You named your test '$name'. You shouldn't use numbers for your test names. Very confusing. ERR # Capture the value of $TODO for the rest of this ok() call # so it can more easily be found by other routines. my $todo = $self->todo(); my $in_todo = $self->in_todo; local $self->{Todo} = $todo if $in_todo; $self->_unoverload_str( \$todo ); my $out; my $result = &share( {} ); unless($test) { $out .= "not "; @$result{ 'ok', 'actual_ok' } = ( ( $self->in_todo ? 1 : 0 ), 0 ); } else { @$result{ 'ok', 'actual_ok' } = ( 1, $test ); } $out .= "ok"; $out .= " $self->{Curr_Test}" if $self->use_numbers; if( defined $name ) { $name =~ s|#|\\#|g; # # in a name can confuse Test::Harness. $out .= " - $name"; $result->{name} = $name; } else { $result->{name} = ''; } if( $self->in_todo ) { $out .= " # TODO $todo"; $result->{reason} = $todo; $result->{type} = 'todo'; } else { $result->{reason} = ''; $result->{type} = ''; } $self->{Test_Results}[ $self->{Curr_Test} - 1 ] = $result; $out .= "\n"; $self->_print($out); unless($test) { my $msg = $self->in_todo ? "Failed (TODO)" : "Failed"; $self->_print_to_fh( $self->_diag_fh, "\n" ) if $ENV{HARNESS_ACTIVE}; my( undef, $file, $line ) = $self->caller; if( defined $name ) { $self->diag(qq[ $msg test '$name'\n]); $self->diag(qq[ at $file line $line.\n]); } else { $self->diag(qq[ $msg test at $file line $line.\n]); } } return $test ? 1 : 0; } sub _unoverload { my $self = shift; my $type = shift; $self->_try(sub { require overload; }, die_on_fail => 1); foreach my $thing (@_) { if( $self->_is_object($$thing) ) { if( my $string_meth = overload::Method( $$thing, $type ) ) { $$thing = $$thing->$string_meth(); } } } return; } sub _is_object { my( $self, $thing ) = @_; return $self->_try( sub { ref $thing && $thing->isa('UNIVERSAL') } ) ? 1 : 0; } sub _unoverload_str { my $self = shift; return $self->_unoverload( q[""], @_ ); } sub _unoverload_num { my $self = shift; $self->_unoverload( '0+', @_ ); for my $val (@_) { next unless $self->_is_dualvar($$val); $$val = $$val + 0; } return; } # This is a hack to detect a dualvar such as $! sub _is_dualvar { my( $self, $val ) = @_; # Objects are not dualvars. return 0 if ref $val; no warnings 'numeric'; my $numval = $val + 0; return $numval != 0 and $numval ne $val ? 1 : 0; } =item B $Test->is_eq($got, $expected, $name); Like Test::More's C. Checks if C<$got eq $expected>. This is the string version. =item B $Test->is_num($got, $expected, $name); Like Test::More's C. Checks if C<$got == $expected>. This is the numeric version. =cut sub is_eq { my( $self, $got, $expect, $name ) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; $self->_unoverload_str( \$got, \$expect ); if( !defined $got || !defined $expect ) { # undef only matches undef and nothing else my $test = !defined $got && !defined $expect; $self->ok( $test, $name ); $self->_is_diag( $got, 'eq', $expect ) unless $test; return $test; } return $self->cmp_ok( $got, 'eq', $expect, $name ); } sub is_num { my( $self, $got, $expect, $name ) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; $self->_unoverload_num( \$got, \$expect ); if( !defined $got || !defined $expect ) { # undef only matches undef and nothing else my $test = !defined $got && !defined $expect; $self->ok( $test, $name ); $self->_is_diag( $got, '==', $expect ) unless $test; return $test; } return $self->cmp_ok( $got, '==', $expect, $name ); } sub _diag_fmt { my( $self, $type, $val ) = @_; if( defined $$val ) { if( $type eq 'eq' or $type eq 'ne' ) { # quote and force string context $$val = "'$$val'"; } else { # force numeric context $self->_unoverload_num($val); } } else { $$val = 'undef'; } return; } sub _is_diag { my( $self, $got, $type, $expect ) = @_; $self->_diag_fmt( $type, $_ ) for \$got, \$expect; local $Level = $Level + 1; return $self->diag(<<"DIAGNOSTIC"); got: $got expected: $expect DIAGNOSTIC } sub _isnt_diag { my( $self, $got, $type ) = @_; $self->_diag_fmt( $type, \$got ); local $Level = $Level + 1; return $self->diag(<<"DIAGNOSTIC"); got: $got expected: anything else DIAGNOSTIC } =item B $Test->isnt_eq($got, $dont_expect, $name); Like Test::More's C. Checks if C<$got ne $dont_expect>. This is the string version. =item B $Test->isnt_num($got, $dont_expect, $name); Like Test::More's C. Checks if C<$got ne $dont_expect>. This is the numeric version. =cut sub isnt_eq { my( $self, $got, $dont_expect, $name ) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; if( !defined $got || !defined $dont_expect ) { # undef only matches undef and nothing else my $test = defined $got || defined $dont_expect; $self->ok( $test, $name ); $self->_isnt_diag( $got, 'ne' ) unless $test; return $test; } return $self->cmp_ok( $got, 'ne', $dont_expect, $name ); } sub isnt_num { my( $self, $got, $dont_expect, $name ) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; if( !defined $got || !defined $dont_expect ) { # undef only matches undef and nothing else my $test = defined $got || defined $dont_expect; $self->ok( $test, $name ); $self->_isnt_diag( $got, '!=' ) unless $test; return $test; } return $self->cmp_ok( $got, '!=', $dont_expect, $name ); } =item B $Test->like($this, qr/$regex/, $name); $Test->like($this, '/$regex/', $name); Like Test::More's C. Checks if $this matches the given C<$regex>. You'll want to avoid C if you want your tests to work before 5.005. =item B $Test->unlike($this, qr/$regex/, $name); $Test->unlike($this, '/$regex/', $name); Like Test::More's C. Checks if $this B the given C<$regex>. =cut sub like { my( $self, $this, $regex, $name ) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; return $self->_regex_ok( $this, $regex, '=~', $name ); } sub unlike { my( $self, $this, $regex, $name ) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; return $self->_regex_ok( $this, $regex, '!~', $name ); } =item B $Test->cmp_ok($this, $type, $that, $name); Works just like Test::More's C. $Test->cmp_ok($big_num, '!=', $other_big_num); =cut my %numeric_cmps = map { ( $_, 1 ) } ( "<", "<=", ">", ">=", "==", "!=", "<=>" ); sub cmp_ok { my( $self, $got, $type, $expect, $name ) = @_; my $test; my $error; { ## no critic (BuiltinFunctions::ProhibitStringyEval) local( $@, $!, $SIG{__DIE__} ); # isolate eval my($pack, $file, $line) = $self->caller(); $test = eval qq[ #line 1 "cmp_ok [from $file line $line]" \$got $type \$expect; ]; $error = $@; } local $Level = $Level + 1; my $ok = $self->ok( $test, $name ); # Treat overloaded objects as numbers if we're asked to do a # numeric comparison. my $unoverload = $numeric_cmps{$type} ? '_unoverload_num' : '_unoverload_str'; $self->diag(<<"END") if $error; An error occurred while using $type: ------------------------------------ $error ------------------------------------ END unless($ok) { $self->$unoverload( \$got, \$expect ); if( $type =~ /^(eq|==)$/ ) { $self->_is_diag( $got, $type, $expect ); } elsif( $type =~ /^(ne|!=)$/ ) { $self->_isnt_diag( $got, $type ); } else { $self->_cmp_diag( $got, $type, $expect ); } } return $ok; } sub _cmp_diag { my( $self, $got, $type, $expect ) = @_; $got = defined $got ? "'$got'" : 'undef'; $expect = defined $expect ? "'$expect'" : 'undef'; local $Level = $Level + 1; return $self->diag(<<"DIAGNOSTIC"); $got $type $expect DIAGNOSTIC } sub _caller_context { my $self = shift; my( $pack, $file, $line ) = $self->caller(1); my $code = ''; $code .= "#line $line $file\n" if defined $file and defined $line; return $code; } =back =head2 Other Testing Methods These are methods which are used in the course of writing a test but are not themselves tests. =over 4 =item B $Test->BAIL_OUT($reason); Indicates to the Test::Harness that things are going so badly all testing should terminate. This includes running any additional test scripts. It will exit with 255. =cut sub BAIL_OUT { my( $self, $reason ) = @_; $self->{Bailed_Out} = 1; $self->_print("Bail out! $reason"); exit 255; } =for deprecated BAIL_OUT() used to be BAILOUT() =cut *BAILOUT = \&BAIL_OUT; =item B $Test->skip; $Test->skip($why); Skips the current test, reporting C<$why>. =cut sub skip { my( $self, $why ) = @_; $why ||= ''; $self->_unoverload_str( \$why ); lock( $self->{Curr_Test} ); $self->{Curr_Test}++; $self->{Test_Results}[ $self->{Curr_Test} - 1 ] = &share( { 'ok' => 1, actual_ok => 1, name => '', type => 'skip', reason => $why, } ); my $out = "ok"; $out .= " $self->{Curr_Test}" if $self->use_numbers; $out .= " # skip"; $out .= " $why" if length $why; $out .= "\n"; $self->_print($out); return 1; } =item B $Test->todo_skip; $Test->todo_skip($why); Like C, only it will declare the test as failing and TODO. Similar to print "not ok $tnum # TODO $why\n"; =cut sub todo_skip { my( $self, $why ) = @_; $why ||= ''; lock( $self->{Curr_Test} ); $self->{Curr_Test}++; $self->{Test_Results}[ $self->{Curr_Test} - 1 ] = &share( { 'ok' => 1, actual_ok => 0, name => '', type => 'todo_skip', reason => $why, } ); my $out = "not ok"; $out .= " $self->{Curr_Test}" if $self->use_numbers; $out .= " # TODO & SKIP $why\n"; $self->_print($out); return 1; } =begin _unimplemented =item B $Test->skip_rest; $Test->skip_rest($reason); Like C, only it skips all the rest of the tests you plan to run and terminates the test. If you're running under C, it skips once and terminates the test. =end _unimplemented =back =head2 Test building utility methods These methods are useful when writing your own test methods. =over 4 =item B $Test->maybe_regex(qr/$regex/); $Test->maybe_regex('/$regex/'); Convenience method for building testing functions that take regular expressions as arguments, but need to work before perl 5.005. Takes a quoted regular expression produced by C, or a string representing a regular expression. Returns a Perl value which may be used instead of the corresponding regular expression, or C if its argument is not recognised. For example, a version of C, sans the useful diagnostic messages, could be written as: sub laconic_like { my ($self, $this, $regex, $name) = @_; my $usable_regex = $self->maybe_regex($regex); die "expecting regex, found '$regex'\n" unless $usable_regex; $self->ok($this =~ m/$usable_regex/, $name); } =cut sub maybe_regex { my( $self, $regex ) = @_; my $usable_regex = undef; return $usable_regex unless defined $regex; my( $re, $opts ); # Check for qr/foo/ if( _is_qr($regex) ) { $usable_regex = $regex; } # Check for '/foo/' or 'm,foo,' elsif(( $re, $opts ) = $regex =~ m{^ /(.*)/ (\w*) $ }sx or ( undef, $re, $opts ) = $regex =~ m,^ m([^\w\s]) (.+) \1 (\w*) $,sx ) { $usable_regex = length $opts ? "(?$opts)$re" : $re; } return $usable_regex; } sub _is_qr { my $regex = shift; # is_regexp() checks for regexes in a robust manner, say if they're # blessed. return re::is_regexp($regex) if defined &re::is_regexp; return ref $regex eq 'Regexp'; } sub _regex_ok { my( $self, $this, $regex, $cmp, $name ) = @_; my $ok = 0; my $usable_regex = $self->maybe_regex($regex); unless( defined $usable_regex ) { local $Level = $Level + 1; $ok = $self->ok( 0, $name ); $self->diag(" '$regex' doesn't look much like a regex to me."); return $ok; } { ## no critic (BuiltinFunctions::ProhibitStringyEval) my $test; my $code = $self->_caller_context; local( $@, $!, $SIG{__DIE__} ); # isolate eval # Yes, it has to look like this or 5.4.5 won't see the #line # directive. # Don't ask me, man, I just work here. $test = eval " $code" . q{$test = $this =~ /$usable_regex/ ? 1 : 0}; $test = !$test if $cmp eq '!~'; local $Level = $Level + 1; $ok = $self->ok( $test, $name ); } unless($ok) { $this = defined $this ? "'$this'" : 'undef'; my $match = $cmp eq '=~' ? "doesn't match" : "matches"; local $Level = $Level + 1; $self->diag( sprintf <<'DIAGNOSTIC', $this, $match, $regex ); %s %13s '%s' DIAGNOSTIC } return $ok; } # I'm not ready to publish this. It doesn't deal with array return # values from the code or context. =begin private =item B<_try> my $return_from_code = $Test->try(sub { code }); my($return_from_code, $error) = $Test->try(sub { code }); Works like eval BLOCK except it ensures it has no effect on the rest of the test (ie. C<$@> is not set) nor is effected by outside interference (ie. C<$SIG{__DIE__}>) and works around some quirks in older Perls. C<$error> is what would normally be in C<$@>. It is suggested you use this in place of eval BLOCK. =cut sub _try { my( $self, $code, %opts ) = @_; my $error; my $return; { local $!; # eval can mess up $! local $@; # don't set $@ in the test local $SIG{__DIE__}; # don't trip an outside DIE handler. $return = eval { $code->() }; $error = $@; } die $error if $error and $opts{die_on_fail}; return wantarray ? ( $return, $error ) : $return; } =end private =item B my $is_fh = $Test->is_fh($thing); Determines if the given C<$thing> can be used as a filehandle. =cut sub is_fh { my $self = shift; my $maybe_fh = shift; return 0 unless defined $maybe_fh; return 1 if ref $maybe_fh eq 'GLOB'; # its a glob ref return 1 if ref \$maybe_fh eq 'GLOB'; # its a glob return eval { $maybe_fh->isa("IO::Handle") } || # 5.5.4's tied() and can() doesn't like getting undef eval { ( tied($maybe_fh) || '' )->can('TIEHANDLE') }; } =back =head2 Test style =over 4 =item B $Test->level($how_high); How far up the call stack should C<$Test> look when reporting where the test failed. Defaults to 1. Setting L<$Test::Builder::Level> overrides. This is typically useful localized: sub my_ok { my $test = shift; local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1; $TB->ok($test); } To be polite to other functions wrapping your own you usually want to increment C<$Level> rather than set it to a constant. =cut sub level { my( $self, $level ) = @_; if( defined $level ) { $Level = $level; } return $Level; } =item B $Test->use_numbers($on_or_off); Whether or not the test should output numbers. That is, this if true: ok 1 ok 2 ok 3 or this if false ok ok ok Most useful when you can't depend on the test output order, such as when threads or forking is involved. Defaults to on. =cut sub use_numbers { my( $self, $use_nums ) = @_; if( defined $use_nums ) { $self->{Use_Nums} = $use_nums; } return $self->{Use_Nums}; } =item B $Test->no_diag($no_diag); If set true no diagnostics will be printed. This includes calls to C. =item B $Test->no_ending($no_ending); Normally, Test::Builder does some extra diagnostics when the test ends. It also changes the exit code as described below. If this is true, none of that will be done. =item B $Test->no_header($no_header); If set to true, no "1..N" header will be printed. =cut foreach my $attribute (qw(No_Header No_Ending No_Diag)) { my $method = lc $attribute; my $code = sub { my( $self, $no ) = @_; if( defined $no ) { $self->{$attribute} = $no; } return $self->{$attribute}; }; no strict 'refs'; ## no critic *{ __PACKAGE__ . '::' . $method } = $code; } =back =head2 Output Controlling where the test output goes. It's ok for your test to change where STDOUT and STDERR point to, Test::Builder's default output settings will not be affected. =over 4 =item B $Test->diag(@msgs); Prints out the given C<@msgs>. Like C, arguments are simply appended together. Normally, it uses the C handle, but if this is for a TODO test, the C handle is used. Output will be indented and marked with a # so as not to interfere with test output. A newline will be put on the end if there isn't one already. We encourage using this rather than calling print directly. Returns false. Why? Because C is often used in conjunction with a failing test (C) it "passes through" the failure. return ok(...) || diag(...); =for blame transfer Mark Fowler =cut sub diag { my $self = shift; $self->_print_comment( $self->_diag_fh, @_ ); } =item B $Test->note(@msgs); Like C, but it prints to the C handle so it will not normally be seen by the user except in verbose mode. =cut sub note { my $self = shift; $self->_print_comment( $self->output, @_ ); } sub _diag_fh { my $self = shift; local $Level = $Level + 1; return $self->in_todo ? $self->todo_output : $self->failure_output; } sub _print_comment { my( $self, $fh, @msgs ) = @_; return if $self->no_diag; return unless @msgs; # Prevent printing headers when compiling (i.e. -c) return if $^C; # Smash args together like print does. # Convert undef to 'undef' so its readable. my $msg = join '', map { defined($_) ? $_ : 'undef' } @msgs; # Escape the beginning, _print will take care of the rest. $msg =~ s/^/# /; local $Level = $Level + 1; $self->_print_to_fh( $fh, $msg ); return 0; } =item B my @dump = $Test->explain(@msgs); Will dump the contents of any references in a human readable format. Handy for things like... is_deeply($have, $want) || diag explain $have; or is_deeply($have, $want) || note explain $have; =cut sub explain { my $self = shift; return map { ref $_ ? do { $self->_try(sub { require Data::Dumper }, die_on_fail => 1); my $dumper = Data::Dumper->new( [$_] ); $dumper->Indent(1)->Terse(1); $dumper->Sortkeys(1) if $dumper->can("Sortkeys"); $dumper->Dump; } : $_ } @_; } =begin _private =item B<_print> $Test->_print(@msgs); Prints to the C filehandle. =end _private =cut sub _print { my $self = shift; return $self->_print_to_fh( $self->output, @_ ); } sub _print_to_fh { my( $self, $fh, @msgs ) = @_; # Prevent printing headers when only compiling. Mostly for when # tests are deparsed with B::Deparse return if $^C; my $msg = join '', @msgs; local( $\, $", $, ) = ( undef, ' ', '' ); # Escape each line after the first with a # so we don't # confuse Test::Harness. $msg =~ s{\n(?!\z)}{\n# }sg; # Stick a newline on the end if it needs it. $msg .= "\n" unless $msg =~ /\n\z/; return print $fh $msg; } =item B =item B =item B my $filehandle = $Test->output; $Test->output($filehandle); $Test->output($filename); $Test->output(\$scalar); These methods control where Test::Builder will print its output. They take either an open C<$filehandle>, a C<$filename> to open and write to or a C<$scalar> reference to append to. It will always return a C<$filehandle>. B is where normal "ok/not ok" test output goes. Defaults to STDOUT. B is where diagnostic output on test failures and C goes. It is normally not read by Test::Harness and instead is displayed to the user. Defaults to STDERR. C is used instead of C for the diagnostics of a failing TODO test. These will not be seen by the user. Defaults to STDOUT. =cut sub output { my( $self, $fh ) = @_; if( defined $fh ) { $self->{Out_FH} = $self->_new_fh($fh); } return $self->{Out_FH}; } sub failure_output { my( $self, $fh ) = @_; if( defined $fh ) { $self->{Fail_FH} = $self->_new_fh($fh); } return $self->{Fail_FH}; } sub todo_output { my( $self, $fh ) = @_; if( defined $fh ) { $self->{Todo_FH} = $self->_new_fh($fh); } return $self->{Todo_FH}; } sub _new_fh { my $self = shift; my($file_or_fh) = shift; my $fh; if( $self->is_fh($file_or_fh) ) { $fh = $file_or_fh; } elsif( ref $file_or_fh eq 'SCALAR' ) { # Scalar refs as filehandles was added in 5.8. if( $] >= 5.008 ) { open $fh, ">>", $file_or_fh or $self->croak("Can't open scalar ref $file_or_fh: $!"); } # Emulate scalar ref filehandles with a tie. else { $fh = Test::Builder::IO::Scalar->new($file_or_fh) or $self->croak("Can't tie scalar ref $file_or_fh"); } } else { open $fh, ">", $file_or_fh or $self->croak("Can't open test output log $file_or_fh: $!"); _autoflush($fh); } return $fh; } sub _autoflush { my($fh) = shift; my $old_fh = select $fh; $| = 1; select $old_fh; return; } my( $Testout, $Testerr ); sub _dup_stdhandles { my $self = shift; $self->_open_testhandles; # Set everything to unbuffered else plain prints to STDOUT will # come out in the wrong order from our own prints. _autoflush($Testout); _autoflush( \*STDOUT ); _autoflush($Testerr); _autoflush( \*STDERR ); $self->reset_outputs; return; } sub _open_testhandles { my $self = shift; return if $self->{Opened_Testhandles}; # We dup STDOUT and STDERR so people can change them in their # test suites while still getting normal test output. open( $Testout, ">&STDOUT" ) or die "Can't dup STDOUT: $!"; open( $Testerr, ">&STDERR" ) or die "Can't dup STDERR: $!"; # $self->_copy_io_layers( \*STDOUT, $Testout ); # $self->_copy_io_layers( \*STDERR, $Testerr ); $self->{Opened_Testhandles} = 1; return; } sub _copy_io_layers { my( $self, $src, $dst ) = @_; $self->_try( sub { require PerlIO; my @src_layers = PerlIO::get_layers($src); binmode $dst, join " ", map ":$_", @src_layers if @src_layers; } ); return; } =item reset_outputs $tb->reset_outputs; Resets all the output filehandles back to their defaults. =cut sub reset_outputs { my $self = shift; $self->output ($Testout); $self->failure_output($Testerr); $self->todo_output ($Testout); return; } =item carp $tb->carp(@message); Warns with C<@message> but the message will appear to come from the point where the original test function was called (C<< $tb->caller >>). =item croak $tb->croak(@message); Dies with C<@message> but the message will appear to come from the point where the original test function was called (C<< $tb->caller >>). =cut sub _message_at_caller { my $self = shift; local $Level = $Level + 1; my( $pack, $file, $line ) = $self->caller; return join( "", @_ ) . " at $file line $line.\n"; } sub carp { my $self = shift; return warn $self->_message_at_caller(@_); } sub croak { my $self = shift; return die $self->_message_at_caller(@_); } =back =head2 Test Status and Info =over 4 =item B my $curr_test = $Test->current_test; $Test->current_test($num); Gets/sets the current test number we're on. You usually shouldn't have to set this. If set forward, the details of the missing tests are filled in as 'unknown'. if set backward, the details of the intervening tests are deleted. You can erase history if you really want to. =cut sub current_test { my( $self, $num ) = @_; lock( $self->{Curr_Test} ); if( defined $num ) { $self->{Curr_Test} = $num; # If the test counter is being pushed forward fill in the details. my $test_results = $self->{Test_Results}; if( $num > @$test_results ) { my $start = @$test_results ? @$test_results : 0; for( $start .. $num - 1 ) { $test_results->[$_] = &share( { 'ok' => 1, actual_ok => undef, reason => 'incrementing test number', type => 'unknown', name => undef } ); } } # If backward, wipe history. Its their funeral. elsif( $num < @$test_results ) { $#{$test_results} = $num - 1; } } return $self->{Curr_Test}; } =item B my @tests = $Test->summary; A simple summary of the tests so far. True for pass, false for fail. This is a logical pass/fail, so todos are passes. Of course, test #1 is $tests[0], etc... =cut sub summary { my($self) = shift; return map { $_->{'ok'} } @{ $self->{Test_Results} }; } =item B
my @tests = $Test->details; Like C, but with a lot more detail. $tests[$test_num - 1] = { 'ok' => is the test considered a pass? actual_ok => did it literally say 'ok'? name => name of the test (if any) type => type of test (if any, see below). reason => reason for the above (if any) }; 'ok' is true if Test::Harness will consider the test to be a pass. 'actual_ok' is a reflection of whether or not the test literally printed 'ok' or 'not ok'. This is for examining the result of 'todo' tests. 'name' is the name of the test. 'type' indicates if it was a special test. Normal tests have a type of ''. Type can be one of the following: skip see skip() todo see todo() todo_skip see todo_skip() unknown see below Sometimes the Test::Builder test counter is incremented without it printing any test output, for example, when C is changed. In these cases, Test::Builder doesn't know the result of the test, so its type is 'unknown'. These details for these tests are filled in. They are considered ok, but the name and actual_ok is left C. For example "not ok 23 - hole count # TODO insufficient donuts" would result in this structure: $tests[22] = # 23 - 1, since arrays start from 0. { ok => 1, # logically, the test passed since its todo actual_ok => 0, # in absolute terms, it failed name => 'hole count', type => 'todo', reason => 'insufficient donuts' }; =cut sub details { my $self = shift; return @{ $self->{Test_Results} }; } =item B my $todo_reason = $Test->todo; my $todo_reason = $Test->todo($pack); If the current tests are considered "TODO" it will return the reason, if any. This reason can come from a C<$TODO> variable or the last call to C. Since a TODO test does not need a reason, this function can return an empty string even when inside a TODO block. Use C<< $Test->in_todo >> to determine if you are currently inside a TODO block. C is about finding the right package to look for C<$TODO> in. It's pretty good at guessing the right package to look at. It first looks for the caller based on C<$Level + 1>, since C is usually called inside a test function. As a last resort it will use C. Sometimes there is some confusion about where todo() should be looking for the C<$TODO> variable. If you want to be sure, tell it explicitly what $pack to use. =cut sub todo { my( $self, $pack ) = @_; return $self->{Todo} if defined $self->{Todo}; local $Level = $Level + 1; my $todo = $self->find_TODO($pack); return $todo if defined $todo; return ''; } =item B my $todo_reason = $Test->find_TODO(); my $todo_reason = $Test->find_TODO($pack): Like C but only returns the value of C<$TODO> ignoring C. =cut sub find_TODO { my( $self, $pack ) = @_; $pack = $pack || $self->caller(1) || $self->exported_to; return unless $pack; no strict 'refs'; ## no critic return ${ $pack . '::TODO' }; } =item B my $in_todo = $Test->in_todo; Returns true if the test is currently inside a TODO block. =cut sub in_todo { my $self = shift; local $Level = $Level + 1; return( defined $self->{Todo} || $self->find_TODO ) ? 1 : 0; } =item B $Test->todo_start(); $Test->todo_start($message); This method allows you declare all subsequent tests as TODO tests, up until the C method has been called. The C and C<$TODO> syntax is generally pretty good about figuring out whether or not we're in a TODO test. However, often we find that this is not possible to determine (such as when we want to use C<$TODO> but the tests are being executed in other packages which can't be inferred beforehand). Note that you can use this to nest "todo" tests $Test->todo_start('working on this'); # lots of code $Test->todo_start('working on that'); # more code $Test->todo_end; $Test->todo_end; This is generally not recommended, but large testing systems often have weird internal needs. We've tried to make this also work with the TODO: syntax, but it's not guaranteed and its use is also discouraged: TODO: { local $TODO = 'We have work to do!'; $Test->todo_start('working on this'); # lots of code $Test->todo_start('working on that'); # more code $Test->todo_end; $Test->todo_end; } Pick one style or another of "TODO" to be on the safe side. =cut sub todo_start { my $self = shift; my $message = @_ ? shift : ''; $self->{Start_Todo}++; if( $self->in_todo ) { push @{ $self->{Todo_Stack} } => $self->todo; } $self->{Todo} = $message; return; } =item C $Test->todo_end; Stops running tests as "TODO" tests. This method is fatal if called without a preceding C method call. =cut sub todo_end { my $self = shift; if( !$self->{Start_Todo} ) { $self->croak('todo_end() called without todo_start()'); } $self->{Start_Todo}--; if( $self->{Start_Todo} && @{ $self->{Todo_Stack} } ) { $self->{Todo} = pop @{ $self->{Todo_Stack} }; } else { delete $self->{Todo}; } return; } =item B my $package = $Test->caller; my($pack, $file, $line) = $Test->caller; my($pack, $file, $line) = $Test->caller($height); Like the normal C, except it reports according to your C. C<$height> will be added to the C. If C winds up off the top of the stack it report the highest context. =cut sub caller { ## no critic (Subroutines::ProhibitBuiltinHomonyms) my( $self, $height ) = @_; $height ||= 0; my $level = $self->level + $height + 1; my @caller; do { @caller = CORE::caller( $level ); $level--; } until @caller; return wantarray ? @caller : $caller[0]; } =back =cut =begin _private =over 4 =item B<_sanity_check> $self->_sanity_check(); Runs a bunch of end of test sanity checks to make sure reality came through ok. If anything is wrong it will die with a fairly friendly error message. =cut #'# sub _sanity_check { my $self = shift; $self->_whoa( $self->{Curr_Test} < 0, 'Says here you ran a negative number of tests!' ); $self->_whoa( $self->{Curr_Test} != @{ $self->{Test_Results} }, 'Somehow you got a different number of results than tests ran!' ); return; } =item B<_whoa> $self->_whoa($check, $description); A sanity check, similar to C. If the C<$check> is true, something has gone horribly wrong. It will die with the given C<$description> and a note to contact the author. =cut sub _whoa { my( $self, $check, $desc ) = @_; if($check) { local $Level = $Level + 1; $self->croak(<<"WHOA"); WHOA! $desc This should never happen! Please contact the author immediately! WHOA } return; } =item B<_my_exit> _my_exit($exit_num); Perl seems to have some trouble with exiting inside an C block. 5.005_03 and 5.6.1 both seem to do odd things. Instead, this function edits C<$?> directly. It should B be called from inside an C block. It doesn't actually exit, that's your job. =cut sub _my_exit { $? = $_[0]; ## no critic (Variables::RequireLocalizedPunctuationVars) return 1; } =back =end _private =cut sub _ending { my $self = shift; my $real_exit_code = $?; # Don't bother with an ending if this is a forked copy. Only the parent # should do the ending. if( $self->{Original_Pid} != $$ ) { return; } # Ran tests but never declared a plan or hit done_testing if( !$self->{Have_Plan} and $self->{Curr_Test} ) { $self->diag("Tests were run but no plan was declared and done_testing() was not seen."); } # Exit if plan() was never called. This is so "require Test::Simple" # doesn't puke. if( !$self->{Have_Plan} ) { return; } # Don't do an ending if we bailed out. if( $self->{Bailed_Out} ) { return; } # Figure out if we passed or failed and print helpful messages. my $test_results = $self->{Test_Results}; if(@$test_results) { # The plan? We have no plan. if( $self->{No_Plan} ) { $self->_output_plan($self->{Curr_Test}) unless $self->no_header; $self->{Expected_Tests} = $self->{Curr_Test}; } # Auto-extended arrays and elements which aren't explicitly # filled in with a shared reference will puke under 5.8.0 # ithreads. So we have to fill them in by hand. :( my $empty_result = &share( {} ); for my $idx ( 0 .. $self->{Expected_Tests} - 1 ) { $test_results->[$idx] = $empty_result unless defined $test_results->[$idx]; } my $num_failed = grep !$_->{'ok'}, @{$test_results}[ 0 .. $self->{Curr_Test} - 1 ]; my $num_extra = $self->{Curr_Test} - $self->{Expected_Tests}; if( $num_extra != 0 ) { my $s = $self->{Expected_Tests} == 1 ? '' : 's'; $self->diag(<<"FAIL"); Looks like you planned $self->{Expected_Tests} test$s but ran $self->{Curr_Test}. FAIL } if($num_failed) { my $num_tests = $self->{Curr_Test}; my $s = $num_failed == 1 ? '' : 's'; my $qualifier = $num_extra == 0 ? '' : ' run'; $self->diag(<<"FAIL"); Looks like you failed $num_failed test$s of $num_tests$qualifier. FAIL } if($real_exit_code) { $self->diag(<<"FAIL"); Looks like your test exited with $real_exit_code just after $self->{Curr_Test}. FAIL _my_exit($real_exit_code) && return; } my $exit_code; if($num_failed) { $exit_code = $num_failed <= 254 ? $num_failed : 254; } elsif( $num_extra != 0 ) { $exit_code = 255; } else { $exit_code = 0; } _my_exit($exit_code) && return; } elsif( $self->{Skip_All} ) { _my_exit(0) && return; } elsif($real_exit_code) { $self->diag(<<"FAIL"); Looks like your test exited with $real_exit_code before it could output anything. FAIL _my_exit($real_exit_code) && return; } else { $self->diag("No tests run!\n"); _my_exit(255) && return; } $self->_whoa( 1, "We fell off the end of _ending()" ); } END { $Test->_ending if defined $Test and !$Test->no_ending; } =head1 EXIT CODES If all your tests passed, Test::Builder will exit with zero (which is normal). If anything failed it will exit with how many failed. If you run less (or more) tests than you planned, the missing (or extras) will be considered failures. If no tests were ever run Test::Builder will throw a warning and exit with 255. If the test died, even after having successfully completed all its tests, it will still be considered a failure and will exit with 255. So the exit codes are... 0 all tests successful 255 test died or all passed but wrong # of tests run any other number how many failed (including missing or extras) If you fail more than 254 tests, it will be reported as 254. =head1 THREADS In perl 5.8.1 and later, Test::Builder is thread-safe. The test number is shared amongst all threads. This means if one thread sets the test number using C they will all be effected. While versions earlier than 5.8.1 had threads they contain too many bugs to support. Test::Builder is only thread-aware if threads.pm is loaded I Test::Builder. =head1 MEMORY An informative hash, accessable via C<>, is stored for each test you perform. So memory usage will scale linearly with each test run. Although this is not a problem for most test suites, it can become an issue if you do large (hundred thousands to million) combinatorics tests in the same run. In such cases, you are advised to either split the test file into smaller ones, or use a reverse approach, doing "normal" (code) compares and triggering fail() should anything go unexpected. Future versions of Test::Builder will have a way to turn history off. =head1 EXAMPLES CPAN can provide the best examples. Test::Simple, Test::More, Test::Exception and Test::Differences all use Test::Builder. =head1 SEE ALSO Test::Simple, Test::More, Test::Harness =head1 AUTHORS Original code by chromatic, maintained by Michael G Schwern Eschwern@pobox.comE =head1 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2002-2008 by chromatic Echromatic@wgz.orgE and Michael G Schwern Eschwern@pobox.comE. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. See F =cut 1;