=encoding utf8

=head1 NAME

perldelta - what is new for perl v5.45.2

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This document describes differences between the 5.45.1 release and the 5.45.2
release.

If you are upgrading from an earlier release such as 5.44.0, first read
L<perl5451delta>, which describes differences between 5.44.0 and 5.45.1.

=head1 Core Enhancements

=head2 Magic v2

This version introduces a whole new set of API functions, data structures, and
related items that provides a new kind of variable magic; providing the
ability to attach user-supplied trigger functions to behaviours on existing
variables.

The eventual intention of this new version is to extend magic with new trigger
functions that can apply at different times to those currently supported, and
to allow magic to be attached to new kinds of items than are currently
permitted. Right now as of this iteration, it does not offer any new abilities
but simply changes the shape and structure of existing things to allow space
for those extensions to be made at a later date.

For more details, see L<perlguts/Magic v2>.

=head1 Incompatible Changes

=head2 Names derived from class fields skip a leading underscore

If the name of a class field starts with an underscore, any derived constructor
parameters (C<:param>) or methods (C<:reader>, C<:writer>) will skip that
underscore:

    class Foo {
        field $_bar :param :reader :writer;
        # Equivalent to:
        #   field $_bar :param(bar) :reader(bar) :writer(set_bar);
    }

This is how L<Object::Pad> works, too.

In previous versions of Perl, the underscore was retained, making the above
declaration equivalent to C<< field $_bar :param(_bar) :reader(_bar)
:writer(set__bar); >>.

=head1 Performance Enhancements

=over 4

=item *

C<OP_REF_CMP> has been added to streamline expressions such as
C<(ref $x eq 'SCALAR')> where (i) the first operator is C<ref> or
C<reftype>, (ii) the comparison is C<eq> or C<ne>, and (iii) the value
being compared against is one of the internal reftype strings mentioned
in L<perlfunc/ref>, is C<Regexp>, or is the empty string C<''>.

=item *

Counting the number of matches within a string using the following common
idiom is now much more performant.

    my $count = () = $str =~ /$pat/g;

Instead of pushing all matches to the stack as mortal SVs, just so that
the list assignment can count them, C<pp_match> maintains an internal
count during matching and pushes just that upon completion.
[L<GH #24558|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24558>]

=back

=head1 Modules and Pragmata

=head2 Updated Modules and Pragmata

=over 4

=item *

L<B> has been upgraded from version 1.92 to 1.93.

=item *

L<B::Deparse> has been upgraded from version 1.89 to 1.90.

=item *

L<Config::Perl::V> has been upgraded from version 0.39 to 0.40.

=item *

L<Devel::SelfStubber> has been upgraded from version 1.06 to 1.07.

=item *

L<ExtUtils::ParseXS> has been upgraded from version 3.64 to 3.65.

XS files compiled with this new version now output a slightly nicer message
when loaded in an incompatible perl binary. For example:

  XS.c in List::MoreUtils::XS: loadable library and perl binaries are
   mismatched (got first handshake key 0xed00080, needed 0xee00080)

The old message didn't include the module name, just the (potentially
ambiguous) name of the C source file:

  XS.c: loadable library and perl binaries are mismatched
   (got first handshake key 0xed00080, needed 0xee00080)

[L<GH #24646|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24646>], [L<GH #15861|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/15861>], [L<GH #16654|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16654>]

=item *

L<ExtUtils::Typemaps> has been upgraded from version 3.64 to 3.65.

=item *

L<I18N::LangTags::List> has been upgraded from version 0.41 to 0.42.

It no longer sets C<$_> to C<undef> when loaded, and it now closes an internal
filehandle that it only uses during initialization (instead of keeping it open
for the rest of the program's lifetime).

=item *

L<Module::CoreList> has been upgraded from version 5.20260720 to 5.20260722.

=item *

L<Module::Metadata> has been upgraded from version 1.000039 to 1.000040.

=item *

L<Net::Ping> has been upgraded from version 2.77 to 2.78.

=item *

L<Opcode> has been upgraded from version 1.71 to 1.72.

=item *

L<PerlIO::encoding> has been upgraded from version 0.31 to 0.32.

=item *

L<PerlIO::via> has been upgraded from version 0.21 to 0.22.

=item *

L<Pod::Html> has been upgraded from version 1.36 to 1.37.

=item *

L<Socket> has been upgraded from version 2.041 to 2.043.

=item *

L<Time::HiRes> has been upgraded from version 1.9780 to 1.9781.

=item *

L<Win32> has been upgraded from version 0.59_01 to 0.64.

=item *

L<XS::APItest> has been upgraded from version 1.51 to 1.52.

=back

=head1 Documentation

=head2 Changes to Existing Documentation

We have attempted to update the documentation to reflect the changes
listed in this document. If you find any we have missed, open an issue
at L<https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>.

Additionally, the following selected changes have been made:

=head3 L<perlhacktips>

=over 4

=item *

Expanded commentary on symbol visibility

=back

=head1 Diagnostics

The following additions or changes have been made to diagnostic output,
including warnings and fatal error messages. For the complete list of
diagnostic messages, see L<perldiag>.

=head2 New Diagnostics

=head3 New Errors

=over 4

=item *

L<Cannot apply magicfuncs shape %d to SV type %d|perldiag/"Cannot apply magicfuncs shape %d to SV
type %d">

=item *

L<Unrecognized magicfuncs-E<gt>shape value %d|perldiag/"Unrecognized magicfuncs-E<gt>shape value %d">

=item *

L<Unsupported MagicFunctions-E<gt>ver value of %u|perldiag/"Unsupported MagicFunctions-E<gt>ver value of %u">

=back

=head1 Configuration and Compilation

=over 4

=item *

Perl can now be built from a directory whose path contains spaces. (However, a
few module tests still fail.)
[L<GH #24670|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24670>]

=item *

The C<-[DU]usetaint> option has been added to Configure.

=back

=head1 Testing

Tests were added and changed to reflect the other additions and
changes in this release. Furthermore, these significant changes were
made:

=over 4

=item *

F<t/porting/customized.t>: Corrected to now check for entries in
F<t/porting/customized.dat> that no longer need to be there.

=back

=head1 Platform Support

=head2 Platform-Specific Notes

=over 4

=item MacOS (Darwin)

Use of mkostemp(3) enabled on macOS 10.12 Sierra (Darwin 16) and newer,
where it is available.

=back

=head1 Internal Changes

=over 4

=item *

During compiletime of a named subroutine, the name of the new sub
currently being compiled is now accessible via C<CvNAME_HEK(PL_compcv)>.

=item *

A new internal function, C<padname_upgrade_sv()> attaches an SV onto a
PADNAME instance, which is used to store the name string of that padname.
This SV can be used by code that wishes to attach magic onto the padname.

=item *

The C<integer> pragma previously lacked increment/decrement operators that
implemented the documented pragma behaviour; these have now been added.
Code or tests that depend upon increment/decrement behaving identically
under both C<use integer> and C<no integer> may need revising.
[L<GH #3564|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/3564>]
[L<GH #24448|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24448>]

=item *

The values of C<G_DISCARD> and C<HV_FETCH_ISSTORE> no longer clash.
C<G_DISCARD> is supposed to be unambiguously bitwise-or-able with any of the
C<HV_FETCH_*> constants, but the collision with C<HV_FETCH_ISSTORE> was missed.
[L<GH #24537|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24537>]

=back

=head1 Selected Bug Fixes

=over 4

=item *

Cleanup of field initialization ops for an incomplete class now
happens within the correct CV.  Previously, if an error was thrown
with an incomplete class this would release pad entries on the wrong
CV and eventually crash.  [L<GH #24616|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24616>]

=item *

sv_set_undef() no longer blindly clears the C<SVs_TEMP> flag.  This
could break code that expected to detect mortal SVs, like constant
folding.  [L<GH #24661|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24661>]

=item *

The regular expression engine's "super-linear cache" wasn't 64-bit clean
and so could in principle overflow on huge (>256Mb) strings, resulting in
incorrect matches and potential memory corruption. (The cache engages on
nested variable-width patterns such as C</(a+)+/>, to avoid exponential
backtracking.)

[GH security issue #149]

=item *

The increment/decrement operators, under both C<use integer> and
C<no integer>, check for I<GET> magic before testing if the supplied variable
contains a reference.
[L<GH #24448|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24448>]

=item *

The increment/decrement operators, under both C<use integer> and
C<no integer>, should now handle C<0+> overloading correctly.
[L<GH #24448|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24448>]

=back

=head1 Known Problems

=over 4

=item *

Some of the CPAN module tests shipped with perl don't handle spaces in the
build path yet.
[L<GH #24670|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/24670>]

=back

=head1 Errata From Previous Releases

=over 4

=item *

In L<perl5451delta>, we inadvertently noted a change about mutex locks in the
section under "Incompatible Changes". That change should have been under
"Internal Changes", and has since been moved.

=back

=head1 Acknowledgements

Perl 5.45.2 represents approximately 4 weeks of development since Perl
5.45.1 and contains approximately 24,000 lines of changes across 320 files
from 25 authors.

Excluding auto-generated files, documentation and release tools, there were
approximately 15,000 lines of changes to 220 .pm, .t, .c and .h files.

Perl continues to flourish into its fourth decade thanks to a vibrant
community of users and developers. The following people are known to have
contributed the improvements that became Perl 5.45.2:

Andreas König, Aristotle Pagaltzis, Bartosz Jarzyna, Craig A. Berry, Dagfinn
Ilmari Mannsåker, Daniel Tang, David Mitchell, H.Merijn Brand, James E
Keenan, Jan Dubois, Karen Etheridge, Karl Williamson, Leon Timmermans, Lukas
Mai, Marc Reisner, Max Maischein, Paul Evans, Philippe Bruhat (BooK),
Richard Leach, Sevan Janiyan, Stan Ulbrych, Steve Hay, theoremoon, Tony
Cook, Yves Orton.

The list above is almost certainly incomplete as it is automatically
generated from version control history. In particular, it does not include
the names of the (very much appreciated) contributors who reported issues to
the Perl bug tracker.

Many of the changes included in this version originated in the CPAN modules
included in Perl's core. We're grateful to the entire CPAN community for
helping Perl to flourish.

For a more complete list of all of Perl's historical contributors, please
see the F<AUTHORS> file in the Perl source distribution.

=head1 Reporting Bugs

If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the perl bug database
at L<https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>. There may also be information at
L<https://www.perl.org/>, the Perl Home Page.

If you believe you have an unreported bug, please open an issue at
L<https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>. Be sure to trim your bug down to a
tiny but sufficient test case.

If the bug you are reporting has security implications which make it
inappropriate to send to a public issue tracker, then see
L<perlsec/SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION>
for details of how to report the issue.

=head1 Give Thanks

If you wish to thank the Perl 5 Porters for the work we had done in Perl 5,
you can do so by running the C<perlthanks> program:

    perlthanks

This will send an email to the Perl 5 Porters list with your show of thanks.

=head1 SEE ALSO

The F<Changes> file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details on
what changed.

The F<INSTALL> file for how to build Perl.

The F<README> file for general stuff.

The F<Artistic> and F<Copying> files for copyright information.

=cut