package Test::Builder; use 5.004; # $^C was only introduced in 5.005-ish. We do this to prevent # use of uninitialized value warnings in older perls. $^C ||= 0; use strict; use vars qw($VERSION $CLASS); $VERSION = '0.15'; $CLASS = __PACKAGE__; my $IsVMS = $^O eq 'VMS'; use vars qw($Level); my @Test_Results = (); my @Test_Details = (); my($Test_Died) = 0; my($Have_Plan) = 0; my $Curr_Test = 0; # Make Test::Builder thread-safe for ithreads. BEGIN { use Config; if( $] >= 5.008 && $Config{useithreads} ) { require threads; require threads::shared; threads::shared->import; share(\$Curr_Test); share(\@Test_Details); share(\@Test_Results); } else { *lock = sub { 0 }; } } =head1 NAME Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries =head1 SYNOPSIS package My::Test::Module; use Test::Builder; require Exporter; @ISA = qw(Exporter); @EXPORT = qw(ok); my $Test = Test::Builder->new; $Test->output('my_logfile'); sub import { my($self) = shift; my $pack = caller; $Test->exported_to($pack); $Test->plan(@_); $self->export_to_level(1, $self, 'ok'); } sub ok { my($test, $name) = @_; $Test->ok($test, $name); } =head1 DESCRIPTION Test::Simple and Test::More have proven to be popular testing modules, but they're not always flexible enough. Test::Builder provides the a building block upon which to write your own test libraries I. =head2 Construction =over 4 =item B my $Test = Test::Builder->new; Returns a Test::Builder object representing the current state of the test. Since you only run one test per program, there is B Test::Builder object. No matter how many times you call new(), you're getting the same object. (This is called a singleton). =cut my $Test; sub new { my($class) = shift; $Test ||= bless ['Move along, nothing to see here'], $class; return $Test; } =back =head2 Setting up tests These methods are for setting up tests and declaring how many there are. You usually only want to call one of these methods. =over 4 =item B my $pack = $Test->exported_to; $Test->exported_to($pack); Tells Test::Builder what package you exported your functions to. This is important for getting TODO tests right. =cut my $Exported_To; sub exported_to { my($self, $pack) = @_; if( defined $pack ) { $Exported_To = $pack; } return $Exported_To; } =item B $Test->plan('no_plan'); $Test->plan( skip_all => $reason ); $Test->plan( tests => $num_tests ); A convenient way to set up your tests. Call this and Test::Builder will print the appropriate headers and take the appropriate actions. If you call plan(), don't call any of the other methods below. =cut sub plan { my($self, $cmd, $arg) = @_; return unless $cmd; if( $Have_Plan ) { die sprintf "You tried to plan twice! Second plan at %s line %d\n", ($self->caller)[1,2]; } if( $cmd eq 'no_plan' ) { $self->no_plan; } elsif( $cmd eq 'skip_all' ) { return $self->skip_all($arg); } elsif( $cmd eq 'tests' ) { if( $arg ) { return $self->expected_tests($arg); } elsif( !defined $arg ) { die "Got an undefined number of tests. Looks like you tried to ". "say how many tests you plan to run but made a mistake.\n"; } elsif( !$arg ) { die "You said to run 0 tests! You've got to run something.\n"; } } else { require Carp; my @args = grep { defined } ($cmd, $arg); Carp::croak("plan() doesn't understand @args"); } return 1; } =item B my $max = $Test->expected_tests; $Test->expected_tests($max); Gets/sets the # of tests we expect this test to run and prints out the appropriate headers. =cut my $Expected_Tests = 0; sub expected_tests { my($self, $max) = @_; if( defined $max ) { $Expected_Tests = $max; $Have_Plan = 1; $self->_print("1..$max\n") unless $self->no_header; } return $Expected_Tests; } =item B $Test->no_plan; Declares that this test will run an indeterminate # of tests. =cut my($No_Plan) = 0; sub no_plan { $No_Plan = 1; $Have_Plan = 1; } =item B $Test->skip_all; $Test->skip_all($reason); Skips all the tests, using the given $reason. Exits immediately with 0. =cut my $Skip_All = 0; sub skip_all { my($self, $reason) = @_; my $out = "1..0"; $out .= " # Skip $reason" if $reason; $out .= "\n"; $Skip_All = 1; $self->_print($out) unless $self->no_header; exit(0); } =back =head2 Running tests These actually run the tests, analogous to the functions in Test::More. $name is always optional. =over 4 =item B $Test->ok($test, $name); Your basic test. Pass if $test is true, fail if $test is false. Just like Test::Simple's ok(). =cut sub ok { my($self, $test, $name) = @_; unless( $Have_Plan ) { require Carp; Carp::croak("You tried to run a test without a plan! Gotta have a plan."); } lock $Curr_Test; $Curr_Test++; $self->diag(<caller; my $todo = $self->todo($pack); my $out; unless( $test ) { $out .= "not "; $Test_Results[$Curr_Test-1] = $todo ? 1 : 0; } else { $Test_Results[$Curr_Test-1] = 1; } $out .= "ok"; $out .= " $Curr_Test" if $self->use_numbers; if( defined $name ) { $name =~ s|#|\\#|g; # # in a name can confuse Test::Harness. $out .= " - $name"; } if( $todo ) { my $what_todo = $todo; $out .= " # TODO $what_todo"; } $out .= "\n"; $self->_print($out); unless( $test ) { my $msg = $todo ? "Failed (TODO)" : "Failed"; $self->diag(" $msg test ($file at line $line)\n"); } return $test ? 1 : 0; } =item B $Test->is_eq($got, $expected, $name); Like Test::More's is(). Checks if $got eq $expected. This is the string version. =item B $Test->is_num($got, $expected, $name); Like Test::More's is(). Checks if $got == $expected. This is the numeric version. =cut sub is_eq { my($self, $got, $expect, $name) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; if( !defined $got || !defined $expect ) { # undef only matches undef and nothing else my $test = !defined $got && !defined $expect; $self->ok($test, $name); $self->_is_diag($got, 'eq', $expect) unless $test; return $test; } return $self->cmp_ok($got, 'eq', $expect, $name); } sub is_num { my($self, $got, $expect, $name) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; if( !defined $got || !defined $expect ) { # undef only matches undef and nothing else my $test = !defined $got && !defined $expect; $self->ok($test, $name); $self->_is_diag($got, '==', $expect) unless $test; return $test; } return $self->cmp_ok($got, '==', $expect, $name); } sub _is_diag { my($self, $got, $type, $expect) = @_; foreach my $val (\$got, \$expect) { if( defined $$val ) { if( $type eq 'eq' ) { # quote and force string context $$val = "'$$val'" } else { # force numeric context $$val = $$val+0; } } else { $$val = 'undef'; } } return $self->diag(sprintf < $Test->isnt_eq($got, $dont_expect, $name); Like Test::More's isnt(). Checks if $got ne $dont_expect. This is the string version. =item B $Test->is_num($got, $dont_expect, $name); Like Test::More's isnt(). Checks if $got ne $dont_expect. This is the numeric version. =cut sub isnt_eq { my($self, $got, $dont_expect, $name) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; if( !defined $got || !defined $dont_expect ) { # undef only matches undef and nothing else my $test = defined $got || defined $dont_expect; $self->ok($test, $name); $self->_cmp_diag('ne', $got, $dont_expect) unless $test; return $test; } return $self->cmp_ok($got, 'ne', $dont_expect, $name); } sub isnt_num { my($self, $got, $dont_expect, $name) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; if( !defined $got || !defined $dont_expect ) { # undef only matches undef and nothing else my $test = defined $got || defined $dont_expect; $self->ok($test, $name); $self->_cmp_diag('!=', $got, $dont_expect) unless $test; return $test; } return $self->cmp_ok($got, '!=', $dont_expect, $name); } =item B $Test->like($this, qr/$regex/, $name); $Test->like($this, '/$regex/', $name); Like Test::More's like(). Checks if $this matches the given $regex. You'll want to avoid qr// if you want your tests to work before 5.005. =item B $Test->unlike($this, qr/$regex/, $name); $Test->unlike($this, '/$regex/', $name); Like Test::More's unlike(). Checks if $this B the given $regex. =cut sub like { my($self, $this, $regex, $name) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; $self->_regex_ok($this, $regex, '=~', $name); } sub unlike { my($self, $this, $regex, $name) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; $self->_regex_ok($this, $regex, '!~', $name); } =item B $Test->maybe_regex(qr/$regex/); $Test->maybe_regex('/$regex/'); Convenience method for building testing functions that take regular expressions as arguments, but need to work before perl 5.005. Takes a quoted regular expression produced by qr//, or a string representing a regular expression. Returns a Perl value which may be used instead of the corresponding regular expression, or undef if it's argument is not recognised. For example, a version of like(), sans the useful diagnostic messages, could be written as: sub laconic_like { my ($self, $this, $regex, $name) = @_; my $usable_regex = $self->maybe_regex($regex); die "expecting regex, found '$regex'\n" unless $usable_regex; $self->ok($this =~ m/$usable_regex/, $name); } =cut sub maybe_regex { my ($self, $regex) = @_; my $usable_regex = undef; if( ref $regex eq 'Regexp' ) { $usable_regex = $regex; } # Check if it looks like '/foo/' elsif( my($re, $opts) = $regex =~ m{^ /(.*)/ (\w*) $ }sx ) { $usable_regex = length $opts ? "(?$opts)$re" : $re; }; return($usable_regex) }; sub _regex_ok { my($self, $this, $regex, $cmp, $name) = @_; local $Level = $Level + 1; my $ok = 0; my $usable_regex = $self->maybe_regex($regex); unless (defined $usable_regex) { $ok = $self->ok( 0, $name ); $self->diag(" '$regex' doesn't look much like a regex to me."); return $ok; } { local $^W = 0; my $test = $this =~ /$usable_regex/ ? 1 : 0; $test = !$test if $cmp eq '!~'; $ok = $self->ok( $test, $name ); } unless( $ok ) { $this = defined $this ? "'$this'" : 'undef'; my $match = $cmp eq '=~' ? "doesn't match" : "matches"; $self->diag(sprintf < $Test->cmp_ok($this, $type, $that, $name); Works just like Test::More's cmp_ok(). $Test->cmp_ok($big_num, '!=', $other_big_num); =cut sub cmp_ok { my($self, $got, $type, $expect, $name) = @_; my $test; { local $^W = 0; local($@,$!); # don't interfere with $@ # eval() sometimes resets $! $test = eval "\$got $type \$expect"; } local $Level = $Level + 1; my $ok = $self->ok($test, $name); unless( $ok ) { if( $type =~ /^(eq|==)$/ ) { $self->_is_diag($got, $type, $expect); } else { $self->_cmp_diag($got, $type, $expect); } } return $ok; } sub _cmp_diag { my($self, $got, $type, $expect) = @_; $got = defined $got ? "'$got'" : 'undef'; $expect = defined $expect ? "'$expect'" : 'undef'; return $self->diag(sprintf < $Test->BAILOUT($reason); Indicates to the Test::Harness that things are going so badly all testing should terminate. This includes running any additional test scripts. It will exit with 255. =cut sub BAILOUT { my($self, $reason) = @_; $self->_print("Bail out! $reason"); exit 255; } =item B $Test->skip; $Test->skip($why); Skips the current test, reporting $why. =cut sub skip { my($self, $why) = @_; $why ||= ''; unless( $Have_Plan ) { require Carp; Carp::croak("You tried to run tests without a plan! Gotta have a plan."); } lock($Curr_Test); $Curr_Test++; $Test_Results[$Curr_Test-1] = 1; my $out = "ok"; $out .= " $Curr_Test" if $self->use_numbers; $out .= " # skip $why\n"; $Test->_print($out); return 1; } =item B $Test->todo_skip; $Test->todo_skip($why); Like skip(), only it will declare the test as failing and TODO. Similar to print "not ok $tnum # TODO $why\n"; =cut sub todo_skip { my($self, $why) = @_; $why ||= ''; unless( $Have_Plan ) { require Carp; Carp::croak("You tried to run tests without a plan! Gotta have a plan."); } lock($Curr_Test); $Curr_Test++; $Test_Results[$Curr_Test-1] = 1; my $out = "not ok"; $out .= " $Curr_Test" if $self->use_numbers; $out .= " # TODO & SKIP $why\n"; $Test->_print($out); return 1; } =begin _unimplemented =item B $Test->skip_rest; $Test->skip_rest($reason); Like skip(), only it skips all the rest of the tests you plan to run and terminates the test. If you're running under no_plan, it skips once and terminates the test. =end _unimplemented =back =head2 Test style =over 4 =item B $Test->level($how_high); How far up the call stack should $Test look when reporting where the test failed. Defaults to 1. Setting $Test::Builder::Level overrides. This is typically useful localized: { local $Test::Builder::Level = 2; $Test->ok($test); } =cut sub level { my($self, $level) = @_; if( defined $level ) { $Level = $level; } return $Level; } $CLASS->level(1); =item B $Test->use_numbers($on_or_off); Whether or not the test should output numbers. That is, this if true: ok 1 ok 2 ok 3 or this if false ok ok ok Most useful when you can't depend on the test output order, such as when threads or forking is involved. Test::Harness will accept either, but avoid mixing the two styles. Defaults to on. =cut my $Use_Nums = 1; sub use_numbers { my($self, $use_nums) = @_; if( defined $use_nums ) { $Use_Nums = $use_nums; } return $Use_Nums; } =item B $Test->no_header($no_header); If set to true, no "1..N" header will be printed. =item B $Test->no_ending($no_ending); Normally, Test::Builder does some extra diagnostics when the test ends. It also changes the exit code as described in Test::Simple. If this is true, none of that will be done. =cut my($No_Header, $No_Ending) = (0,0); sub no_header { my($self, $no_header) = @_; if( defined $no_header ) { $No_Header = $no_header; } return $No_Header; } sub no_ending { my($self, $no_ending) = @_; if( defined $no_ending ) { $No_Ending = $no_ending; } return $No_Ending; } =back =head2 Output Controlling where the test output goes. It's ok for your test to change where STDOUT and STDERR point to, Test::Builder's default output settings will not be affected. =over 4 =item B $Test->diag(@msgs); Prints out the given $message. Normally, it uses the failure_output() handle, but if this is for a TODO test, the todo_output() handle is used. Output will be indented and marked with a # so as not to interfere with test output. A newline will be put on the end if there isn't one already. We encourage using this rather than calling print directly. Returns false. Why? Because diag() is often used in conjunction with a failing test (C) it "passes through" the failure. return ok(...) || diag(...); =for blame transfer Mark Fowler =cut sub diag { my($self, @msgs) = @_; return unless @msgs; # Prevent printing headers when compiling (i.e. -c) return if $^C; # Escape each line with a #. foreach (@msgs) { $_ = 'undef' unless defined; s/^/# /gms; } push @msgs, "\n" unless $msgs[-1] =~ /\n\Z/; local $Level = $Level + 1; my $fh = $self->todo ? $self->todo_output : $self->failure_output; local($\, $", $,) = (undef, ' ', ''); print $fh @msgs; return 0; } =begin _private =item B<_print> $Test->_print(@msgs); Prints to the output() filehandle. =end _private =cut sub _print { my($self, @msgs) = @_; # Prevent printing headers when only compiling. Mostly for when # tests are deparsed with B::Deparse return if $^C; local($\, $", $,) = (undef, ' ', ''); my $fh = $self->output; # Escape each line after the first with a # so we don't # confuse Test::Harness. foreach (@msgs) { s/\n(.)/\n# $1/sg; } push @msgs, "\n" unless $msgs[-1] =~ /\n\Z/; print $fh @msgs; } =item B $Test->output($fh); $Test->output($file); Where normal "ok/not ok" test output should go. Defaults to STDOUT. =item B $Test->failure_output($fh); $Test->failure_output($file); Where diagnostic output on test failures and diag() should go. Defaults to STDERR. =item B $Test->todo_output($fh); $Test->todo_output($file); Where diagnostics about todo test failures and diag() should go. Defaults to STDOUT. =cut my($Out_FH, $Fail_FH, $Todo_FH); sub output { my($self, $fh) = @_; if( defined $fh ) { $Out_FH = _new_fh($fh); } return $Out_FH; } sub failure_output { my($self, $fh) = @_; if( defined $fh ) { $Fail_FH = _new_fh($fh); } return $Fail_FH; } sub todo_output { my($self, $fh) = @_; if( defined $fh ) { $Todo_FH = _new_fh($fh); } return $Todo_FH; } sub _new_fh { my($file_or_fh) = shift; my $fh; unless( UNIVERSAL::isa($file_or_fh, 'GLOB') ) { $fh = do { local *FH }; open $fh, ">$file_or_fh" or die "Can't open test output log $file_or_fh: $!"; } else { $fh = $file_or_fh; } return $fh; } unless( $^C ) { # We dup STDOUT and STDERR so people can change them in their # test suites while still getting normal test output. open(TESTOUT, ">&STDOUT") or die "Can't dup STDOUT: $!"; open(TESTERR, ">&STDERR") or die "Can't dup STDERR: $!"; # Set everything to unbuffered else plain prints to STDOUT will # come out in the wrong order from our own prints. _autoflush(\*TESTOUT); _autoflush(\*STDOUT); _autoflush(\*TESTERR); _autoflush(\*STDERR); $CLASS->output(\*TESTOUT); $CLASS->failure_output(\*TESTERR); $CLASS->todo_output(\*TESTOUT); } sub _autoflush { my($fh) = shift; my $old_fh = select $fh; $| = 1; select $old_fh; } =back =head2 Test Status and Info =over 4 =item B my $curr_test = $Test->current_test; $Test->current_test($num); Gets/sets the current test # we're on. You usually shouldn't have to set this. =cut sub current_test { my($self, $num) = @_; lock($Curr_Test); if( defined $num ) { unless( $Have_Plan ) { require Carp; Carp::croak("Can't change the current test number without a plan!"); } $Curr_Test = $num; if( $num > @Test_Results ) { my $start = @Test_Results ? $#Test_Results : 0; for ($start..$num-1) { $Test_Results[$_] = 1; } } } return $Curr_Test; } =item B my @tests = $Test->summary; A simple summary of the tests so far. True for pass, false for fail. This is a logical pass/fail, so todos are passes. Of course, test #1 is $tests[0], etc... =cut sub summary { my($self) = shift; return @Test_Results; } =item B
I my @tests = $Test->details; Like summary(), but with a lot more detail. $tests[$test_num - 1] = { ok => is the test considered ok? actual_ok => did it literally say 'ok'? name => name of the test (if any) type => 'skip' or 'todo' (if any) reason => reason for the above (if any) }; =item B my $todo_reason = $Test->todo; my $todo_reason = $Test->todo($pack); todo() looks for a $TODO variable in your tests. If set, all tests will be considered 'todo' (see Test::More and Test::Harness for details). Returns the reason (ie. the value of $TODO) if running as todo tests, false otherwise. todo() is pretty part about finding the right package to look for $TODO in. It uses the exported_to() package to find it. If that's not set, it's pretty good at guessing the right package to look at. Sometimes there is some confusion about where todo() should be looking for the $TODO variable. If you want to be sure, tell it explicitly what $pack to use. =cut sub todo { my($self, $pack) = @_; $pack = $pack || $self->exported_to || $self->caller(1); no strict 'refs'; return defined ${$pack.'::TODO'} ? ${$pack.'::TODO'} : 0; } =item B my $package = $Test->caller; my($pack, $file, $line) = $Test->caller; my($pack, $file, $line) = $Test->caller($height); Like the normal caller(), except it reports according to your level(). =cut sub caller { my($self, $height) = @_; $height ||= 0; my @caller = CORE::caller($self->level + $height + 1); return wantarray ? @caller : $caller[0]; } =back =cut =begin _private =over 4 =item B<_sanity_check> _sanity_check(); Runs a bunch of end of test sanity checks to make sure reality came through ok. If anything is wrong it will die with a fairly friendly error message. =cut #'# sub _sanity_check { _whoa($Curr_Test < 0, 'Says here you ran a negative number of tests!'); _whoa(!$Have_Plan and $Curr_Test, 'Somehow your tests ran without a plan!'); _whoa($Curr_Test != @Test_Results, 'Somehow you got a different number of results than tests ran!'); } =item B<_whoa> _whoa($check, $description); A sanity check, similar to assert(). If the $check is true, something has gone horribly wrong. It will die with the given $description and a note to contact the author. =cut sub _whoa { my($check, $desc) = @_; if( $check ) { die < _my_exit($exit_num); Perl seems to have some trouble with exiting inside an END block. 5.005_03 and 5.6.1 both seem to do odd things. Instead, this function edits $? directly. It should ONLY be called from inside an END block. It doesn't actually exit, that's your job. =cut sub _my_exit { $? = $_[0]; return 1; } =back =end _private =cut $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { # We don't want to muck with death in an eval, but $^S isn't # totally reliable. 5.005_03 and 5.6.1 both do the wrong thing # with it. Instead, we use caller. This also means it runs under # 5.004! my $in_eval = 0; for( my $stack = 1; my $sub = (CORE::caller($stack))[3]; $stack++ ) { $in_eval = 1 if $sub =~ /^\(eval\)/; } $Test_Died = 1 unless $in_eval; }; sub _ending { my $self = shift; _sanity_check(); # Bailout if plan() was never called. This is so # "require Test::Simple" doesn't puke. do{ _my_exit(0) && return } if !$Have_Plan; # Figure out if we passed or failed and print helpful messages. if( @Test_Results ) { # The plan? We have no plan. if( $No_Plan ) { $self->_print("1..$Curr_Test\n") unless $self->no_header; $Expected_Tests = $Curr_Test; } # 5.8.0 threads bug. Shared arrays will not be auto-extended # by a slice. $Test_Results[$Expected_Tests-1] = undef unless defined $Test_Results[$Expected_Tests-1]; my $num_failed = grep !$_, @Test_Results[0..$Expected_Tests-1]; $num_failed += abs($Expected_Tests - @Test_Results); if( $Curr_Test < $Expected_Tests ) { $self->diag(<<"FAIL"); Looks like you planned $Expected_Tests tests but only ran $Curr_Test. FAIL } elsif( $Curr_Test > $Expected_Tests ) { my $num_extra = $Curr_Test - $Expected_Tests; $self->diag(<<"FAIL"); Looks like you planned $Expected_Tests tests but ran $num_extra extra. FAIL } elsif ( $num_failed ) { $self->diag(<<"FAIL"); Looks like you failed $num_failed tests of $Expected_Tests. FAIL } if( $Test_Died ) { $self->diag(<<"FAIL"); Looks like your test died just after $Curr_Test. FAIL _my_exit( 255 ) && return; } _my_exit( $num_failed <= 254 ? $num_failed : 254 ) && return; } elsif ( $Skip_All ) { _my_exit( 0 ) && return; } else { $self->diag("No tests run!\n"); _my_exit( 255 ) && return; } } END { $Test->_ending if defined $Test and !$Test->no_ending; } =head1 THREADS In perl 5.8.0 and later, Test::Builder is thread-safe. The test number is shared amongst all threads. This means if one thread sets the test number using current_test() they will all be effected. =head1 EXAMPLES CPAN can provide the best examples. Test::Simple, Test::More, Test::Exception and Test::Differences all use Test::Builder. =head1 SEE ALSO Test::Simple, Test::More, Test::Harness =head1 AUTHORS Original code by chromatic, maintained by Michael G Schwern Eschwern@pobox.comE =head1 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2001 by chromatic Echromatic@wgz.orgE, Michael G Schwern Eschwern@pobox.comE. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. See F =cut 1;