package bigrat; require 5.005; $VERSION = '0.06'; use Exporter; @ISA = qw( Exporter ); @EXPORT_OK = qw( ); @EXPORT = qw( inf NaN ); use strict; ############################################################################## # These are all alike, and thus faked by AUTOLOAD my @faked = qw/round_mode accuracy precision div_scale/; use vars qw/$VERSION $AUTOLOAD $_lite/; # _lite for testsuite sub AUTOLOAD { my $name = $AUTOLOAD; $name =~ s/.*:://; # split package no strict 'refs'; foreach my $n (@faked) { if ($n eq $name) { *{"bigrat::$name"} = sub { my $self = shift; no strict 'refs'; if (defined $_[0]) { Math::BigInt->$name($_[0]); Math::BigFloat->$name($_[0]); return Math::BigRat->$name($_[0]); } return Math::BigInt->$name(); }; return &$name; } } # delayed load of Carp and avoid recursion require Carp; Carp::croak ("Can't call bigrat\-\>$name, not a valid method"); } sub upgrade { my $self = shift; no strict 'refs'; # if (defined $_[0]) # { # $Math::BigInt::upgrade = $_[0]; # $Math::BigFloat::upgrade = $_[0]; # } return $Math::BigInt::upgrade; } sub import { my $self = shift; # see also bignum->import() for additional comments # some defaults my $lib = 'Calc'; my $upgrade = 'Math::BigFloat'; my @import = ( ':constant' ); # drive it w/ constant my @a = @_; my $l = scalar @_; my $j = 0; my ($a,$p); my ($ver,$trace); # version? trace? for ( my $i = 0; $i < $l ; $i++,$j++ ) { if ($_[$i] eq 'upgrade') { # this causes upgrading $upgrade = $_[$i+1]; # or undef to disable my $s = 2; $s = 1 if @a-$j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existant..." splice @a, $j, $s; $j -= $s; } elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(l|lib)$/) { # this causes a different low lib to take care... $lib = $_[$i+1] || ''; my $s = 2; $s = 1 if @a-$j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existant..." splice @a, $j, $s; $j -= $s; } elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(v|version)$/) { $ver = 1; splice @a, $j, 1; $j --; } elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(t|trace)$/) { $trace = 1; splice @a, $j, 1; $j --; } else { die ("unknown option $_[$i]"); } } my $class; $_lite = 0; # using M::BI::L ? if ($trace) { require Math::BigInt::Trace; $class = 'Math::BigInt::Trace'; $upgrade = 'Math::BigFloat::Trace'; } else { # see if we can find Math::BigInt::Lite if (!defined $a && !defined $p) # rounding won't work to well { eval 'require Math::BigInt::Lite;'; if ($@ eq '') { @import = ( ); # :constant in Lite, not MBI Math::BigInt::Lite->import( ':constant' ); $_lite= 1; # signal okay } } require Math::BigInt if $_lite == 0; # not already loaded? $class = 'Math::BigInt'; # regardless of MBIL or not } # Math::BigInt::Trace or plain Math::BigInt $class->import(@import, upgrade => $upgrade, lib => $lib); require Math::BigFloat; Math::BigFloat->import( upgrade => 'Math::BigRat', ':constant' ); require Math::BigRat; if ($ver) { print "bigrat\t\t\t v$VERSION\n"; print "Math::BigInt::Lite\t v$Math::BigInt::Lite::VERSION\n" if $_lite; print "Math::BigInt\t\t v$Math::BigInt::VERSION"; my $config = Math::BigInt->config(); print " lib => $config->{lib} v$config->{lib_version}\n"; print "Math::BigFloat\t\t v$Math::BigFloat::VERSION\n"; print "Math::BigRat\t\t v$Math::BigRat::VERSION\n"; exit; } $self->export_to_level(1,$self,@a); # export inf and NaN } sub inf () { Math::BigInt->binf(); } sub NaN () { Math::BigInt->bnan(); } 1; __END__ =head1 NAME bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl =head1 SYNOPSIS use bigrat; $x = 2 + 4.5,"\n"; # BigFloat 6.5 print 1/3 + 1/4,"\n"; # produces 7/12 =head1 DESCRIPTION All operators (inlcuding basic math operations) are overloaded. Integer and floating-point constants are created as proper BigInts or BigFloats, respectively. Other than L, this module upgrades to Math::BigRat, meaning that instead of 2.5 you will get 2+1/2 as output. =head2 MODULES USED C is just a thin wrapper around various modules of the Math::BigInt family. Think of it as the head of the family, who runs the shop, and orders the others to do the work. The following modules are currently used by bignum: Math::BigInt::Lite (for speed, and only if it is loadable) Math::BigInt Math::BigFloat Math::BigRat =head2 MATH LIBRARY Math with the numbers is done (by default) by a module called Math::BigInt::Calc. This is equivalent to saying: use bigrat lib => 'Calc'; You can change this by using: use bigrat lib => 'BitVect'; The following would first try to find Math::BigInt::Foo, then Math::BigInt::Bar, and when this also fails, revert to Math::BigInt::Calc: use bigrat lib => 'Foo,Math::BigInt::Bar'; Please see respective module documentation for further details. =head2 SIGN The sign is either '+', '-', 'NaN', '+inf' or '-inf' and stored seperately. A sign of 'NaN' is used to represent the result when input arguments are not numbers or as a result of 0/0. '+inf' and '-inf' represent plus respectively minus infinity. You will get '+inf' when dividing a positive number by 0, and '-inf' when dividing any negative number by 0. =head2 METHODS Since all numbers are not objects, you can use all functions that are part of the BigInt or BigFloat API. It is wise to use only the bxxx() notation, and not the fxxx() notation, though. This makes you independed on the fact that the underlying object might morph into a different class than BigFloat. =head2 CAVEAT But a warning is in order. When using the following to make a copy of a number, only a shallow copy will be made. $x = 9; $y = $x; $x = $y = 7; Using the copy or the original with overloaded math is okay, e.g. the following work: $x = 9; $y = $x; print $x + 1, " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 10 9 but calling any method that modifies the number directly will result in B the original and the copy beeing destroyed: $x = 9; $y = $x; print $x->badd(1), " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 10 10 $x = 9; $y = $x; print $x->binc(1), " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 10 10 $x = 9; $y = $x; print $x->bmul(2), " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 18 18 Using methods that do not modify, but testthe contents works: $x = 9; $y = $x; $z = 9 if $x->is_zero(); # works fine See the documentation about the copy constructor and C<=> in overload, as well as the documentation in BigInt for further details. =head1 EXAMPLES perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)' perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255' perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255' perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3' perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()'; =head1 LICENSE This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. =head1 SEE ALSO Especially L. L, L, L and L as well as L, L and L. =head1 AUTHORS (C) by Tels L in early 2002. =cut