=head1 NAME perltodo - Perl TO-DO List =head1 DESCRIPTION This is a list of wishes for Perl. Send updates to I. If you want to work on any of these projects, be sure to check the perl5-porters archives for past ideas, flames, and propaganda. This will save you time and also prevent you from implementing something that Larry has already vetoed. One set of archives may be found at: http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/ =head1 To do during 5.6.x =head2 Support for I/O disciplines C provides this, but the interface could be a lot more straightforward. =head2 Autoload bytes.pm When the lexer sees, for instance, C, it should automatically load the C pragma. =head2 Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work Danger, Will Robinson! Discussing the semantics of C<"\x{F00}">, C<"\xF00"> and C<"\U{F00}"> on P5P I lead to a long and boring flamewar. =head2 Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) For displaying PVs with control characters, embedded nulls, and Unicode. This would be useful for printing warnings, or data and regex dumping, not_a_number(), and so on. Requirements: should handle both byte and UTF-8 strings. isPRINT() characters printed as-is, character less than 256 as \xHH, Unicode characters as \x{HHH}. Don't assume ASCII-like, either, get somebody on EBCDIC to test the output. Possible options, controlled by the flags: - whitespace (other than ' ' of isPRINT()) printed as-is - use isPRINT_LC() instead of isPRINT() - print control characters like this: "\cA" - print control characters like this: "^A" - non-PRINTables printed as '.' instead of \xHH - use \OOO instead of \xHH - use the C/Perl-metacharacters like \n, \t - have a maximum length for the produced string (read it from *lenp) - append a "..." to the produced string if the maximum length is exceeded - really fancy: print unicode characters as \N{...} NOTE: pv_display(), pv_uni_display(), sv_uni_display() are already doing something like the above. =head2 Overloadable regex assertions This may or may not be possible with the current regular expression engine. The idea is that, for instance, C<\b> needs to be algorithmically computed if you're dealing with Thai text. Hence, the B<\b> assertion wants to be overloaded by a function. =head2 Unicode =over 4 =item * Allow for long form of the General Category Properties, e.g C<\p{IsOpenPunctuation}>, not just the abbreviated form, e.g. C<\p{IsPs}>. =item * Allow for the metaproperties: C, C, C, C (require the DerivedCoreProperties and DerviceNormalizationProperties files). There are also multiple value properties still unimplemented: C, C. =item * Case Mappings? http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr21/ Mostly implemented (all of 1:1, 1:N, N:1), only the "final sigma" and locale-specific rules of SpecCase are not implemented. =item * UTF-8 identifier names should probably be canonicalized: NFC? =item * UTF-8 in package names and sub names? The first is problematic because of the mapping to pathnames, ditto for the second one if one does autosplitting, for example. Some of this works already in 5.8.0, but essentially it is unsupported. Constructs to consider, at the very least: use utf8; package UnicodePackage; sub new { bless {}, shift }; sub UnicodeMethod1 { ... $_[0]->UnicodeMethod2(...) ... } sub UnicodeMethod2 { ... } # in here caller(0) should contain Unicode ... package main; my $x = UnicodePackage->new; print ref $x, "\n"; # should be Unicode $x->UnicodeMethod1(...); my $y = UnicodeMethod3 UnicodePackage ...; In the above all I contain (identifier-worthy) characters beyond the code point 255, for example 256. Wherever package/class or subroutine names can be returned needs to be checked for Unicodeness. =back See L for what's there and what's missing. Almost all of Levels 2 and 3 is missing, and as of 5.8.0 not even all of Level 1 is there. They have some tricks Perl doesn't yet implement, such as character class subtraction. http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr18/ =head2 Work out exit/die semantics for threads There are some suggestions to use for example something like this: default to "(thread exiting first will) wait for the other threads until up to 60 seconds". Other possibilities: use threads wait => 0; Do not wait. use threads wait_for => 10; Wait up to 10 seconds. use threads wait_for => -1; Wait for ever. http://archive.develooper.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg79618.html =head2 Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth To better support nonpreemptive threading systems, perhaps some of the blocking functions internally in Perl should do a yield() before a blocking call. (Now certain threads tests ({basic,list,thread.t}) simply do a yield() before they sleep() to give nonpreemptive thread implementations a chance). In some cases, like the GNU pth, which has replacement functions that are nonblocking (pth_select instead of select), maybe Perl should be using them instead when built for threading. =head2 Typed lexicals for compiler =head2 Compiler workarounds for Win32 =head2 AUTOLOADing in the compiler =head2 Fixing comppadlist when compiling =head2 Cleaning up exported namespace =head2 Complete signal handling Add C to opcodes which loop; replace C with C; check C for signal safety. =head2 Out-of-source builds This was done for 5.6.0, but needs reworking for 5.7.x =head2 POSIX realtime support POSIX 1003.1 1996 Edition support--realtime stuff: POSIX semaphores, message queues, shared memory, realtime clocks, timers, signals (the metaconfig units mostly already exist for these) =head2 UNIX98 support Reader-writer locks, realtime/asynchronous IO =head2 IPv6 Support There are non-core modules, such as C, but these will need integrating when IPv6 actually starts to really happen. See RFC 2292 and RFC 2553. =head2 Long double conversion Floating point formatting is still causing some weird test failures. =head2 Locales Locales and Unicode interact with each other in unpleasant ways. One possible solution would be to adopt/support ICU: http://oss.software.ibm.com/icu/index.html =head2 Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals C<[1234567890]> aren't the only numerals any more. =head2 POSIX Unicode character classes (C<[=a=]> for equivalence classes, C<[.ch.]> for collation.) These are dependent on Unicode normalization and collation. =head2 Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) Currently, the user has to optimize C and C into C and C<[fg]oo> by hand; this could be done automatically. =head2 Security audit shipped utilities All the code we ship with Perl needs to be sensible about temporary file handling, locking, input validation, and so on. =head2 Sort out the uid-setting mess Currently there are several problems with the setting of uids ($<, $> for the real and effective uids). Firstly, what exactly setuid() call gets invoked in which platform is simply a big mess that needs to be untangled. Secondly, the effects are apparently not standard across platforms, (if you first set $< and then $>, or vice versa, being uid == euid == zero, or just euid == zero, or as a normal user, what are the results?). The test suite not (usually) being run as root means that these things do not get much testing. Thirdly, there's quite often a third uid called saved uid, and Perl has no knowledge of that feature in any way. (If one has the saved uid of zero, one can get back any real and effective uids.) As an example, to change also the saved uid, one needs to set the real and effective uids B-- in most systems, that is: in HP-UX that doesn't seem to work. =head2 Custom opcodes Have a way to introduce user-defined opcodes without the subroutine call overhead of an XSUB; the user should be able to create PP code. Simon Cozens has some ideas on this. =head2 DLL Versioning Windows needs a way to know what version of an XS or C DLL it's loading. =head2 Introduce @( and @) C<$(> may return "foo bar baz". Unfortunately, since groups can theoretically have spaces in their names, this could be one, two or three groups. =head2 Floating point handling C and C support is particularly troublesome. (fp_classify(), fp_class(), fp_class_d(), class(), isinf(), isfinite(), finite(), isnormal(), unordered(), , (there are metaconfig units for all these) (I think), fp_setmask(), fp_getmask(), fp_setround(), fp_getround() (no metaconfig units yet for these). Don't forget finitel(), fp_classl(), fp_class_l(), (yes, both do, unfortunately, exist), and unorderedl().) As of Perl 5.6.1, there is a Perl macro, Perl_isnan(). =head2 IV/UV preservation Nicholas Clark has done a lot of work on this, but work is continuing. C<+>, C<-> and C<*> work, but guards need to be in place for C<%>, C, C<&>, C, C and C. =head2 Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser The CPAN module C may be a more suitable basis for a C converter; the current one duplicates the functionality abstracted in C, which makes updating the POD language difficult. =head2 Automate module testing on CPAN When a new Perl is being beta tested, porters have to manually grab their favourite CPAN modules and test them - this should be done automatically. =head2 sendmsg and recvmsg We have all the other BSD socket functions but these. There are metaconfig units for these functions which can be added. To avoid these being new opcodes, a solution similar to the way C was added would be preferable. (Autoload the C module.) =head2 Rewrite perlre documentation The new-style patterns need full documentation, and the whole document needs to be a lot clearer. =head2 Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles =head2 Document Win32 choices =head2 Check new modules =head2 Make roffitall find pods and libs itself Simon Cozens has done some work on this but it needs a rethink. =head1 To do at some point These are ideas that have been regularly tossed around, that most people believe should be done maybe during 5.8.x =head2 Remove regular expression recursion Because the regular expression engine is recursive, badly designed expressions can lead to lots of recursion filling up the stack. Ilya claims that it is easy to convert the engine to being iterative, but this has still not yet been done. There may be a regular expression engine hit squad meeting at TPC5. =head2 Memory leaks after failed eval Perl will leak memory if you C. This is partially because it attempts to build up an op tree for that code and doesn't properly free it. The same goes for non-syntactically-correct regular expressions. Hugo looked into this, but decided it needed a mark-and-sweep GC implementation. Alan notes that: The basic idea was to extend the parser token stack (C) to include a type field so we knew what sort of thing each element of the stack was. The F code would then have to be postprocessed to record the type of each entry on the stack as it was created, and the parser patched so that it could unroll the stack properly on error. This is possible to do, but would be pretty messy to implement, as it would rely on even more sed hackery in F. =head2 bitfields in pack =head2 Cross compilation Make Perl buildable with a cross-compiler. This will play havoc with Configure, which needs to know how the target system will respond to its tests; maybe C will be a good starting point here. (Indeed, Bart Schuller reports that he compiled up C for the Agenda PDA and it works fine.) A really big spanner in the works is the bootstrapping build process of Perl: if the filesystem the target systems sees is not the same what the build host sees, various input, output, and (Perl) library files need to be copied back and forth. As of 5.8.0 Configure mostly works for cross-compilation (used successfully for iPAQ Linux), miniperl gets built, but then building DynaLoader (and other extensions) fails since MakeMaker knows nothing of cross-compilation. (See INSTALL/Cross-compilation for the state of things.) =head2 Perl preprocessor / macros Source filters help with this, but do not get us all the way. For instance, it should be possible to implement the C operator somehow; source filters don't (quite) cut it. =head2 Perl lexer in Perl Damian Conway is planning to work on this, but it hasn't happened yet. =head2 Using POSIX calls internally When faced with a BSD vs. SysV -style interface to some library or system function, perl's roots show in that it typically prefers the BSD interface (but falls back to the SysV one). One example is getpgrp(). Other examples include C vs. C. There are others, mostly in F. Mostly, this item is a suggestion for which way to start a journey into an C<#ifdef> forest. It is not primarily a suggestion to eliminate any of the C<#ifdef> forests. POSIX calls are perhaps more likely to be portable to unexpected architectures. They are also perhaps more likely to be actively maintained by a current vendor. They are also perhaps more likely to be available in thread-safe versions, if appropriate. =head2 -i rename file when changed It's only necessary to rename a file when inplace editing when the file has changed. Detecting a change is perhaps the difficult bit. =head2 All ARGV input should act like EE eg C doesn't currently read across multiple files. =head2 Support for rerunning debugger There should be a way of restarting the debugger on demand. =head2 Test Suite for the Debugger The debugger is a complex piece of software and fixing something here may inadvertently break something else over there. To tame this chaotic behaviour, a test suite is necessary. =head2 my sub foo { } The basic principle is sound, but there are problems with the semantics of self-referential and mutually referential lexical subs: how to declare the subs? =head2 One-pass global destruction Sweeping away all the allocated memory in one go is a laudable goal, but it's difficult and in most cases, it's easier to let the memory get freed by exiting. =head2 Rewrite regexp parser There has been talk recently of rewriting the regular expression parser to produce an optree instead of a chain of opcodes; it's unclear whether or not this would be a win. =head2 Cache recently used regexps This is to speed up for my $re (@regexps) { $matched++ if /$re/ } C already gives us a way of saving compiled regexps, but it should be done automatically. =head2 Cross-compilation support Bart Schuller reports that using C and a cross-compiler, he got Perl working on the Agenda PDA. However, one cannot build a full Perl because Configure needs to get the results for the target platform, for the host. =head2 Bit-shifting bitvectors Given: vec($v, 1000, 1) = 1; One should be able to do $v <<= 1; and have the 999'th bit set. Currently if you try with shift bitvectors you shift the NV/UV, instead of the bits in the PV. Not very logical. =head2 debugger pragma The debugger is implemented in Perl in F; turning it into a pragma should be easy, but making it work lexically might be more difficult. Fiddling with C<$^P> would be necessary. =head2 use less pragma Identify areas where speed/memory tradeoffs can be made and have a hint to switch between them. =head2 switch structures Although we have C in core, Larry points to the dormant C and C ops in F; using these opcodes would be much faster. =head2 Cache eval tree =head2 rcatmaybe =head2 Shrink opcode tables =head2 Optimize away @_ Look at the "reification" code in C =head2 Prototypes versus indirect objects Currently, indirect object syntax bypasses prototype checks. =head2 Install HTML HTML versions of the documentation need to be installed by default; a call to C from C may be all that's necessary. =head2 Prototype method calls =head2 Return context prototype declarations =head2 magic_setisa =head2 Garbage collection There have been persistent mumblings about putting a mark-and-sweep garbage detector into Perl; Alan Burlison has some ideas about this. =head2 IO tutorial Mark-Jason Dominus has the beginnings of one of these. =head2 Rewrite perldoc There are a few suggestions for what to do with C: maybe a full-text search, an index function, locating pages on a particular high-level subject, and so on. =head2 Install .3p manpages This is a bone of contention; we can create C<.3p> manpages for each built-in function, but should we install them by default? Tcl does this, and it clutters up C. =head2 Unicode tutorial Simon Cozens promises to do this before he gets old. =head2 Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 =head2 Retargetable installation Allow C<@INC> to be changed after Perl is built. =head2 POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems Make C behave as POSIXly as possible everywhere, meaning we have to implement POSIX equivalents for some functions if necessary. =head2 Rename Win32 headers =head2 Finish off lvalue functions They don't work in the debugger, and they don't work for list or hash slices. =head2 Update sprintf documentation Hugo van der Sanden plans to look at this. =head2 Use fchown/fchmod internally This has been done in places, but needs a thorough code review. Also fchdir is available in some platforms. =head2 Make v-strings overloaded objects Instead of having to guess whether a string is a v-string and thus needs to be displayed with %vd, make v-strings (readonly) objects (class "vstring"?) with a stringify overload. =head2 Allow restricted hash assignment Currently you're not allowed to assign to a restricted hash at all, even with the same keys. %restricted = (foo => 42); # error This should be allowed if the new keyset is a subset of the old keyset. May require more extra code than we'd like in pp_aassign. =head2 Should overload be inheritable? Should overload be 'contagious' through @ISA so that derived classes would inherit their base classes' overload definitions? What to do in case of overload conflicts? =head2 Taint rethink Should taint be stopped from affecting control flow, if ($tainted)? Should tainted symbolic method calls and subref calls be stopped? (Look at Ruby's $SAFE levels for inspiration?) =head2 Perform correctly when XSUBs call subroutines that exit via goto(LABEL) and friends If an XSUB calls a subroutine that exits using goto(LABEL), last(LABEL) or next(LABEL), then the interpreter will very probably crash with a segfault because the execution resumes in the XSUB instead of never returning there. =head1 Vague ideas Ideas which have been discussed, and which may or may not happen. =head2 ref() in list context It's unclear what this should do or how to do it without breaking old code. =head2 Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context There is a patch for this, but it may require Unicodification. =head2 Compile to real threaded code =head2 Structured types =head2 Modifiable $1 et al. ($x = "elephant") =~ /e(ph)/; $1 = "g"; # $x = "elegant" What happens if there are multiple (nested?) brackets? What if the string changes between the match and the assignment? =head2 Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. Some core modules have been accused of being overly-OO. Adding procedural interfaces could demystify them. =head2 RPC modules =head2 Attach/detach debugger from running program With C, you can attach the debugger to a running program if you pass the process ID. It would be good to do this with the Perl debugger on a running Perl program, although I'm not sure how it would be done. =head2 GUI::Native A non-core module that would use "native" GUI to create graphical applications. =head2 foreach(reverse ...) Currently foreach (reverse @_) { ... } puts C<@_> on the stack, reverses it putting the reversed version on the stack, then iterates forwards. Instead, it could be special-cased to put C<@_> on the stack then iterate backwards. =head2 Constant function cache =head2 Approximate regular expression matching =head1 Ongoing These items B need doing: =head2 Update guts documentation Simon Cozens tries to do this when possible, and contributions to the C documentation is welcome. =head2 Add more tests Michael Schwern will donate $500 to Yet Another Society when all core modules have tests. =head2 Update auxiliary tools The code we ship with Perl should look like good Perl 5. =head2 Create debugging macros Debugging macros (like printsv, dump) can make debugging perl inside a C debugger much easier. A good set for gdb comes with mod_perl. Something similar should be distributed with perl. The proper way to do this is to use and extend Devel::DebugInit. Devel::DebugInit also needs to be extended to support threads. See p5p archives for late May/early June 2001 for a recent discussion on this topic. =head2 truncate to the people One can emulate ftruncate() using F_FREESP and F_CHSIZ fcntls (see the UNIX FAQ for details). This needs to go somewhere near pp_sys.c:pp_truncate(). One can emulate truncate() easily if one has ftruncate(). This emulation should also go near pp_sys.pp_truncate(). =head2 Unicode in Filenames chdir, chmod, chown, chroot, exec, glob, link, lstat, mkdir, open, opendir, qx, readdir, readlink, rename, rmdir, stat, symlink, sysopen, system, truncate, unlink, utime, -X. All these could potentially accept Unicode filenames either as input or output (and in the case of system and qx Unicode in general, as input or output to/from the shell). Whether a filesystem - an operating system pair understands Unicode in filenames varies. Known combinations that have some level of understanding include Microsoft NTFS, Apple HFS+ (In Mac OS 9 and X) and Apple UFS (in Mac OS X), NFS v4 is rumored to be Unicode, and of course Plan 9. How to create Unicode filenames, what forms of Unicode are accepted and used (UCS-2, UTF-16, UTF-8), what (if any) is the normalization form used, and so on, varies. Finding the right level of interfacing to Perl requires some thought. Remember that an OS does not implicate a filesystem. (The Windows -C command flag "wide API support" has been at least temporarily retired in 5.8.1, and the -C has been repurposed, see L.) =head1 Unicode in %ENV Currently the %ENV entries are always byte strings. =head1 Recently done things These are things which have been on the todo lists in previous releases but have recently been completed. =head2 Alternative RE syntax module The C module, available from the CPAN, provides this: my $re = Regexp::English -> start_of_line -> literal('Flippers') -> literal(':') -> optional -> whitespace_char -> end -> remember -> multiple -> digit; /$re/; =head2 Safe signal handling A new signal model went into 5.7.1 without much fanfare. Operations and Cs are no longer interrupted by signals, which are handled between opcodes. This means that C now actually does something. However, there are still a few things that need to be done. =head2 Tie Modules Modules which implement arrays in terms of strings, substrings or files can be found on the CPAN. =head2 gettimeofday C has been integrated into the core. =head2 setitimer and getimiter Adding C got us this too. =head2 Testing __DIE__ hook Tests have been added. =head2 CPP equivalent in Perl A C Yardley will probably have done this by the time you can read this. This allows for a generalization of the C constant detection used in building C. =head2 Explicit switch statements C has been integrated into the core to give you all manner of C semantics. =head2 autocroak This is C. =head2 UTF/EBCDIC Nick Ing-Simmons has made UTF-EBCDIC (UTR13) work with Perl. EBCDIC? http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr16/ =head2 UTF Regexes Although there are probably some small bugs to be rooted out, Jarkko Hietaniemi has made regular expressions polymorphic between bytes and characters. =head2 perlcc to produce executable C was recently rewritten, and can now produce standalone executables. =head2 END blocks saved in compiled output =head2 Secure temporary file module Tim Jenness' C is now in core. =head2 Integrate Time::HiRes This module is now part of core. =head2 Turn Cwd into XS Benjamin Sugars has done this. =head2 Mmap for input Nick Ing-Simmons' C supports an C IO method. =head2 Byte to/from UTF-8 and UTF-8 to/from local conversion C provides this. =head2 Add sockatmark support Added in 5.7.1 =head2 Mailing list archives http://lists.perl.org/ , http://archive.develooper.com/ =head2 Bug tracking Since 5.8.0 perl uses the RT bug tracking system from Jesse Vincent, implemented by Robert Spier at http://bugs.perl.org/ =head2 Integrate MacPerl Chris Nandor and Matthias Neeracher have integrated the MacPerl changes into 5.6.0. =head2 Web "nerve center" for Perl http://use.perl.org/ is what you're looking for. =head2 Regular expression tutorial C, provided by Mark Kvale. =head2 Debugging Tutorial C, written by Richard Foley. =head2 Integrate new modules Jarkko has been integrating madly into 5.7.x =head2 Integrate profiler C is now a core module. =head2 Y2K error detection There's a configure option to detect unsafe concatenation with "19", and a CPAN module. (C) =head2 Regular expression debugger While not part of core, Mark-Jason Dominus has written C and has also come up with a generalised strategy for regular expression debugging. =head2 POD checker That's, uh, F =head2 "Dynamic" lexicals =head2 Cache precompiled modules =head1 Deprecated Wishes These are items which used to be in the todo file, but have been deprecated for some reason. =head2 Loop control on do{} This would break old code; use C instead. =head2 Lexically scoped typeglobs Not needed now we have lexical IO handles. =head2 format BOTTOM =head2 report HANDLE Damian Conway's text formatting modules seem to be the Way To Go. =head2 Generalised want()/caller()) Robin Houston's C module does this. =head2 Named prototypes This seems to be delayed until Perl 6. =head2 Built-in globbing The C module has been used to replace the C function. =head2 Regression tests for suidperl C is deprecated in favour of common sense. =head2 Cached hash values We have shared hash keys, which perform the same job. =head2 Add compression modules The compression modules are a little heavy; meanwhile, Nick Clark is working on experimental pragmata to do transparent decompression on input. =head2 Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references Could not get consensus on P5P about this. =head2 Remove distinction between functions and operators Caution: highly flammable. =head2 Make XS easier to use Use C instead, or SWIG. =head2 Make embedding easier to use Use C. =head2 man for perl See the Perl Power Tools. ( http://language.perl.com/ppt/ ) =head2 my $Package::variable Use C instead. =head2 "or" tests defined, not truth Suggesting this on P5P B cause a boring and interminable flamewar. =head2 "class"-based lexicals Use flyweight objects, secure hashes or, dare I say it, pseudo-hashes instead. (Or whatever will replace pseudohashes in 5.10.) =head2 byteperl C covers this. =head2 Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal C gives first() (a short-circuiting grep); tail recursion removal is done manually, with C. (However, MJD has found that C introduces a performance penalty, so maybe there should be a way to do this after all: C is better.) =head2 Make "use utf8" the default Because of backward compatibility this is difficult: scripts could not contain B (like Latin-1) anymore, even in string literals or pod. Also would introduce a measurable slowdown of at least few percentages since all regular expression operations would be done in full UTF-8. But if you want to try this, add -DUSE_UTF8_SCRIPTS to your compilation flags. =head2 Unicode collation and normalization The Unicode::Collate and Unicode::Normalize modules by SADAHIRO Tomoyuki have been included since 5.8.0. Collation? http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/ Normalization? http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/ =head2 pack/unpack tutorial Wolfgang Laun finished what Simon Cozens started. =cut